Li Wen, Zhang Yu, Yang Jingyi, Xu Hao, Ye Ruiqi, Wu Jiale, Cao Mixia, Zhao Chunfang, Yang Bing, Liu Chang, Li Lei
College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China.
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jun 28;14(13):1910. doi: 10.3390/ani14131910.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of bile acids (BAs) supplementation on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS), production performance, and physiological and quality characteristics of laying hen eggs. Sixty Sanhuang laying hens, aged 28 weeks, were randomly allocated to six dietary treatments over a 4-week period, including the control (CON) group (feeding basal diet), the high-fat diet (HFD)-treated group (basal diet containing 10% soybean oil), and HFD supplemented with 0.01% and 0.02% of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) or hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) groups. Production performance, egg quality, liver morphology, serum biochemical indexes, antioxidant capacity, proinflammatory cytokines, and intestinal microbiota were evaluated. The average body weight in 0.01% CDCA was larger than in the HFD group ( < 0.05). Eggshell Thickness in the CON group was greater than in the HFD, 0.01% CDCA, and HDCA groups ( < 0.05). Albumen height in the 0.02% HDCA group was higher than the HFD group ( < 0.05). Eggshell weight in the HFD group was less than the CON group ( < 0.05). Haugh unit (HU) in the HDCA group was larger than the HFD group ( < 0.05). Albumen weight in the 0.02% HDCA group was greater than the CON and HFD groups ( < 0.05). In the HFD group, the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipo-protein cholesterol (LDL-C) were surpassing the other groups ( < 0.05). The levels of catalase (CAT) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in the HFD group was smaller than the other groups ( < 0.05). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the HFD group was higher than in the other groups ( < 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were larger in the HFD group than in the other groups ( < 0.05). The 16S rRNA sequencing analysis indicated significant variations in the relative abundance of specific bacterial populations among the different treatment groups. The treatment and CON groups exhibited a higher presence of bacteria that inhibit host energy absorption or promote intestinal health such as , , and , whereas the HFD group showed an increased prevalence of potentially pathogenic or deleterious bacteria, such as spp. In conclusion, the supplementation of BAs in poultry feed has been demonstrated to effectively mitigate the detrimental effects of FLHS in laying hens. This intervention regulates lipid metabolism, bolsters antioxidant defenses, reduces inflammation, and modulates the gut microbiota, offering a novel perspective on the application of BAs in the poultry industry.
本研究旨在探讨补充胆汁酸（BAs）对蛋鸡脂肪肝出血综合征（FLHS）、生产性能以及蛋鸡生理和蛋品质特性的影响。选取60只28周龄的三黄蛋鸡，在4周时间内随机分为6种日粮处理组，包括对照组（CON组，饲喂基础日粮）、高脂日粮（HFD）处理组（基础日粮含10%大豆油）以及添加0.01%和0.02%鹅去氧胆酸（CDCA）或猪去氧胆酸（HDCA）的HFD组。评估了生产性能、蛋品质、肝脏形态、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力、促炎细胞因子和肠道微生物群。0.01% CDCA组的平均体重高于HFD组（P<0.05）。CON组的蛋壳厚度大于HFD组、0.01% CDCA组和HDCA组（P<0.05）。0.02% HDCA组的蛋白高度高于HFD组（P<0.05）。HFD组的蛋壳重量低于CON组（P<0.05）。HDCA组的哈氏单位（HU）大于HFD组（P<0.05）。0.02% HDCA组的蛋白重量大于CON组和HFD组（P<0.05）。HFD组的甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平高于其他组（P<0.05）。HFD组的过氧化氢酶（CAT）和总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）水平低于其他组（P<0.05）。HFD组的丙二醛（MDA）水平高于其他组（P<0.05）。HFD组的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平高于其他组（P<0.05）。16S rRNA测序分析表明，不同处理组中特定细菌种群的相对丰度存在显著差异。处理组和CON组中抑制宿主能量吸收或促进肠道健康的细菌，如[具体细菌名称1]、[具体细菌名称2]和[具体细菌名称3]的存在比例较高，而HFD组中潜在致病或有害细菌，如[具体细菌名称4]属的患病率增加。总之，已证明在家禽饲料中添加BAs可有效减轻蛋鸡FLHS的有害影响。这种干预调节脂质代谢、增强抗氧化防御、减轻炎症并调节肠道微生物群，为BAs在家禽行业中的应用提供了新视角。
