Ali Izhar, Naz Beenish, Liu Ziyang, Chen Jingwei, Yang Zi, Attia Kotb, Ayub Nasir, Ali Ikram, Mohammed Arif Ahmed, Faisal Shah, Sun Likun, Xiao Sa, Chen Shuyan
Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agroecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Jul 1;15:1392789. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1392789. eCollection 2024.
The rapid global emergence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a substantial public health concern. Livestock manure serves as a key reservoir for tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs), serving as a means of their transmission to soil and vegetables upon utilization as a fertilizer, consequently posing a risk to human health. The dynamics and transfer of TRGs among microorganisms in vegetables and fauna are being investigated. However, the impact of different vegetable species on acquisition of TRGs from various manure sources remains unclear. This study investigated the rhizospheres of three vegetables (carrots, tomatoes, and cucumbers) grown with chicken, sheep, and pig manure to assess TRGs and bacterial community compositions via qPCR and high-throughput sequencing techniques. Our findings revealed that tomatoes exhibited the highest accumulation of TRGs, followed by cucumbers and carrots. Pig manure resulted in the highest TRG levels, compared to chicken and sheep manure, in that order. Bacterial community analyses revealed distinct effects of manure sources and the selective behavior of individual vegetable species in shaping bacterial communities, explaining 12.2% of TRG variation. Firmicutes had a positive correlation with most TRGs and the gene among the dominant phyla. Notably, both the types of vegetables and manures significantly influenced the abundance of the gene and soil properties, exhibiting strong correlations with TRGs and elucidating 30% and 17.7% of TRG variance, respectively. Our study delineated vegetables accumulating TRGs from manure-amended soils, resulting in significant risk to human health. Moreover, we elucidated the pivotal roles of bacterial communities, soil characteristics, and the gene in TRG fate and dissemination. These insights emphasize the need for integrated strategies to reduce selection pressure and disrupt TRG transmission routes, ultimately curbing the transmission of tetracycline resistance genes to vegetables.
抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）在全球范围内迅速出现，这是一个重大的公共卫生问题。畜禽粪便作为四环素抗性基因（TRGs）的主要储存库，在用作肥料时会将这些基因传播到土壤和蔬菜中，从而对人类健康构成风险。目前正在研究蔬菜和动物中微生物之间TRGs的动态变化和转移情况。然而，不同蔬菜品种对从各种粪便来源获取TRGs的影响仍不清楚。本研究调查了用鸡粪、羊粪和猪粪种植的三种蔬菜（胡萝卜、西红柿和黄瓜）的根际，通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和高通量测序技术评估TRGs和细菌群落组成。我们的研究结果表明，西红柿中TRGs的积累量最高，其次是黄瓜和胡萝卜。与鸡粪和羊粪相比，猪粪导致的TRG水平最高，顺序依次为猪粪、鸡粪、羊粪。细菌群落分析揭示了粪便来源的不同影响以及单个蔬菜品种在塑造细菌群落方面的选择性行为，这解释了12.2%的TRG变异。在优势菌门中，厚壁菌门与大多数TRGs和某基因呈正相关。值得注意的是，蔬菜类型和粪便类型均显著影响某基因的丰度和土壤性质，与TRGs表现出强相关性，分别解释了30%和17.7%的TRG变异。我们的研究描绘了蔬菜从施用粪便的土壤中积累TRGs的情况，这对人类健康构成了重大风险。此外，我们阐明了细菌群落、土壤特性和某基因在TRG归宿和传播中的关键作用。这些见解强调了需要采取综合策略来降低选择压力并中断TRG传播途径，最终遏制四环素抗性基因向蔬菜的传播。
