Maniaci A, La Via L, Lechien J R, Sangiorgio G, Iannella G, Magliulo G, Pace A, Mat Q, Lavalle S, Lentini M
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100 Enna, Italy.
ASP Ragusa-Hospital Giovanni Paolo II, 97100 Ragusa, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jul 14;13(7):842. doi: 10.3390/antiox13070842.
Hearing loss is a prevalent condition affecting millions of people worldwide. Hearing loss has been linked to oxidative stress as a major factor in its onset and progression. The goal of this thorough analysis is to investigate the connection between oxidative stress and hearing loss, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms and possible treatments. The review addressed the many forms of hearing loss, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in causing damage to the cochlea, and the auditory system's antioxidant defensive mechanisms. The review also goes over the available data that support the use of antioxidants and other methods to lessen hearing loss brought on by oxidative stress. We found that oxidative stress is implicated in multiple types of hearing loss, including age-related, noise-induced, and ototoxic hearing impairment. The cochlea's unique anatomical and physiological characteristics, such as high metabolic activity and limited blood supply, make it particularly susceptible to oxidative damage. Antioxidant therapies have shown promising results in both animal models and clinical studies for preventing and mitigating hearing loss. Emerging therapeutic approaches, including targeted drug delivery systems and gene therapy, offer new possibilities for addressing oxidative stress in the auditory system. The significance of this review lies in its comprehensive analysis of the intricate relationship between oxidative stress and hearing loss. By synthesizing current knowledge and identifying gaps in understanding, this review provides valuable insights for both researchers and clinicians. It highlights the potential of antioxidant-based interventions and emphasizes the need for further research into personalized treatment strategies. Our findings on oxidative stress mechanisms may also affect clinical practice and future research directions. This review serves as a foundation for developing novel therapeutic approaches and may inform evidence-based strategies for the prevention and treatment of hearing loss, ultimately contributing to improved quality of life for millions affected by this condition worldwide.
听力损失是一种普遍存在的病症，影响着全球数百万人。听力损失与氧化应激有关，氧化应激是其发病和进展的主要因素。本深入分析的目的是研究氧化应激与听力损失之间的联系，重点关注潜在机制和可能的治疗方法。该综述探讨了多种形式的听力损失、活性氧（ROS）对耳蜗造成损伤的作用以及听觉系统的抗氧化防御机制。该综述还梳理了支持使用抗氧化剂和其他方法减轻氧化应激所致听力损失的现有数据。我们发现氧化应激与多种类型的听力损失有关，包括年龄相关性、噪声性和耳毒性听力损伤。耳蜗独特的解剖和生理特征，如高代谢活性和有限的血液供应，使其特别容易受到氧化损伤。抗氧化疗法在动物模型和临床研究中均显示出预防和减轻听力损失的良好效果。新兴的治疗方法，包括靶向药物递送系统和基因治疗，为解决听觉系统中的氧化应激提供了新的可能性。本综述的意义在于其对氧化应激与听力损失之间复杂关系的全面分析。通过综合现有知识并找出理解上的差距，本综述为研究人员和临床医生提供了有价值的见解。它突出了基于抗氧化剂干预的潜力，并强调了进一步研究个性化治疗策略的必要性。我们关于氧化应激机制的研究结果也可能影响临床实践和未来的研究方向。本综述为开发新的治疗方法奠定了基础，并可能为听力损失的预防和治疗提供循证策略，最终为全球数百万受此病症影响的人改善生活质量做出贡献。
