Buchmann Maike, Koschollek Carmen, Du Yong, Mauz Elvira, Krause Laura, Neuperdt Laura, Tuncer Oktay, Baumert Jens, Scheidt-Nave Christa, Heidemann Christin
Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Berlin, Germany.
J Health Monit. 2024 Jun 26;9(2):e12159. doi: 10.25646/12159. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Migration-related factors, such as language barriers, can be relevant to the risk, healthcare and complications of type 2 diabetes in people with a history of migration. Diabetes-related data from people with selected citizenships were analysed on the basis of the nationwide survey German Health Update: Fokus (GEDA Fokus).
The diabetes risk of persons without diabetes (n = 4,698, 18 - 79 years), key figures on healthcare and secondary diseases of persons with type 2 diabetes (n = 326, 45 - 79 years) and on concomitant diseases (n = 326 with type 2 diabetes compared to n = 2,018 without diabetes, 45 - 79 years) were stratified according to sociodemographic and migration-related characteristics.
Better German language proficiency is associated with a lower risk of diabetes. Diabetes-related organ complications are observed more frequently in persons who report experiences of discrimination in the health or care sector. Both persons with and without diabetes are more likely to have depressive symptoms when they reported experiences of discrimination. A stronger sense of belonging to the society in Germany is associated with reporting depressive symptoms less often in people without diabetes, but not in people with type 2 diabetes.
The differences according to migration-related characteristics indicate a need for improvement in the prevention and care of type 2 diabetes. Migration-sensitive indicators should be integrated into the surveillance of diabetes.
与移民相关的因素，如语言障碍，可能与有移民史人群的2型糖尿病风险、医疗保健及并发症相关。基于全国性调查“德国健康更新：聚焦”（GEDA Fokus）对选定国籍人群的糖尿病相关数据进行了分析。
根据社会人口学和与移民相关的特征，对无糖尿病者（n = 4698，年龄18 - 79岁）的糖尿病风险、2型糖尿病患者（n = 326，年龄45 - 79岁）的医疗保健关键数据和继发性疾病以及伴发疾病（326例2型糖尿病患者与2018例无糖尿病者相比，年龄45 - 79岁）进行分层。
德语水平较高与较低的糖尿病风险相关。在健康或护理领域有受歧视经历的人群中，糖尿病相关器官并发症更为常见。有和没有糖尿病的人在报告有受歧视经历时都更有可能出现抑郁症状。在德国，更强的社会归属感与无糖尿病者较少报告抑郁症状相关，但与2型糖尿病患者无关。
与移民相关特征的差异表明2型糖尿病的预防和护理需要改进。对移民敏感的指标应纳入糖尿病监测。
