Calva James, Cuenca María Belén, León Andrea, Benítez Ángel
Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador.
Carrera de Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador.
Molecules. 2025 Jun 24;30(13):2712. doi: 10.3390/molecules30132712.
In this study, we analyzed the essential oils (EOs) extracted by steam distillation from the leaves and flowers of L., grown in three different locations in southern Ecuador: Espíndola (ESP), Loja (LOJ) and Quilanga (QUI). Approximately 97.45%, 98.27% and 95.99% of the oil constituents were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID). Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were predominant in the EOs. The most representative constituents of the sample from ESP were germacrene D (35.08%), myrcene (11.32%), ()-β-ocimene (10.21%), ()-caryophyllene (7.90%), germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol (5.18%) and (, )-α-farnesene (4.99%), with an AChE IC of 14.78 and with 16.38 and 93.16 µg/mL from ABTS and DPPH, respectively. The EOs from LOJ were characterized by the abundant presence of germacrene D (28.30%), myrcene (13.95%), (E)-β-ocimene (10.51%) and isolongifolan-7-α-ol (8.26%), with an AChE IC of 16.65 and with 36.18 and 158.43 µg/mL from ABTS and DPPH, respectively. Finally, the EOs from QUI contained germacrene D (32.20%), myrcene (13.36%), (E)-β-ocimene (8.54%), (, )-α-farnesene (6.77%), germacra-4(15),5,10(14)-trien-1-α-ol (5.69%) and (E)-caryophyllene (5.37%), with an AChE IC of 10.69 and with 14.50 and 92.98 µg/mL from ABTS and DPPH, respectively. This study identifies chemotypic variation in collected from different locations and, for the first time, the AChE inhibitor was evaluated. These findings provide a scientific basis for the clinical application of EOs in the future treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
在本研究中，我们分析了通过水蒸气蒸馏法从生长于厄瓜多尔南部三个不同地点（埃斯平多拉（ESP）、洛哈（LOJ）和基兰加（QUI））的[植物名称]的叶子和花朵中提取的精油（EOs）。使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）和气相色谱 - 火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）鉴定了约97.45%、98.27%和95.99%的油成分。倍半萜烃类在精油中占主导地位。来自ESP的样品中最具代表性的成分是吉马烯D（35.08%）、月桂烯（11.32%）、（） - β - 罗勒烯（10.21%）、（） - 石竹烯（7.90%）、吉马 - 4(15),5,10(14) - 三烯 - 1 - α - 醇（5.18%）和（, ） - α - 法呢烯（4.99%），乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）半数抑制浓度（IC）为14.78，ABTS自由基阳离子清除能力和二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）清除能力分别为16.38和93.16 μg/mL。来自LOJ的精油的特征是大量存在吉马烯D（28.30%）、月桂烯（13.95%）、（E） - β - 罗勒烯（10.51%）和异长叶烯 - 7 - α - 醇（8.26%），AChE IC为16.65，ABTS和DPPH清除能力分别为36.18和158.43 μg/mL。最后，来自QUI的精油含有吉马烯D（32.20%）、月桂烯（13.36%）、（E） - β - 罗勒烯（8.54%）、（, ） - α - 法呢烯（6.77%）、吉马 - 4(15),5,10(14) - 三烯 - 1 - α - 醇（5.69%）和（E） - 石竹烯（5.37%），AChE IC为10.69，ABTS和DPPH清除能力分别为14.50和92.98 μg/mL。本研究确定了从不同地点采集的[植物名称]精油的化学型变异，并首次评估了其AChE抑制活性。这些发现为该植物精油在未来阿尔茨海默病治疗中的临床应用提供了科学依据。
