Centre for Smart Analytics, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Ballarat, 3350, Australia.
School of Health Sciences, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia.
Sports Med. 2024 Oct;54(10):2597-2606. doi: 10.1007/s40279-024-02073-6. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
The video-based temporal occlusion paradigm has been consistently used in visual anticipation sport research.
This meta-analysis investigated the magnitude to which video-based temporal occlusion training could improve anticipation skill with transfer to representative laboratory and field tasks.
As there are considerably fewer anticipation training than performance studies, the meta-analysis included 12 intervention studies with 25 effect sizes where video simulation and/or field-based tests were used. The Downs and Black checklist adapted for sports science research was used to assess methodological quality of the included studies. Decision time and accuracy of anticipation were the outcome measures because both are relevant to sports skills. The changes in these measures between experimental and control groups from baseline to the transfer test context were used to calculate the magnitude of the training effect.
Findings revealed a significant training effect, including a large meta-analytic effect size, and no difference in training benefit across video and field-based transfer tests. Publication bias analyses were inconclusive, likely due to the small number of available studies.
These findings are evidence that the temporal occlusion paradigm is an effective method to improve visual anticipation skill across representative perceptual and perceptual-motor transfer tests. The theoretical implication based upon the two-stage model of visual anticipation is that temporal occlusion training can improve use of early information for body positioning by the performer, which could in turn lead to improved execution of the skill goal.
基于视频的时间遮挡范式在视觉预测运动研究中一直被广泛应用。
本元分析旨在探究基于视频的时间遮挡训练在多大程度上可以提高预测技能，并将其转移到代表性的实验室和现场任务中。
由于预测训练的研究比表现研究少得多，因此元分析包括 12 项干预研究，共有 25 个效应量，其中使用了视频模拟和/或基于现场的测试。采用适应于运动科学研究的唐斯和布莱克清单来评估纳入研究的方法学质量。决策时间和预测准确性是因变量，因为两者都与运动技能相关。在实验和对照组中，从基线到转移测试环境中这些指标的变化被用来计算训练效果的大小。
研究结果显示出显著的训练效果，包括较大的元分析效应量，并且在视频和基于现场的转移测试中，训练效益没有差异。由于可用研究数量较少，发表偏差分析不具有结论性。
这些发现证明了时间遮挡范式是一种有效的方法，可以提高代表性感知和感知运动转移测试中的视觉预测技能。基于视觉预测的两阶段模型的理论意义是，时间遮挡训练可以通过运动员提高对身体定位的早期信息的利用，从而提高技能目标的执行效果。
