Su Wen, Wang Liqin, Ding Yingmin, Zhao Daliang
Public Courses Teaching Department, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.
Graduate School, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jul 22;15:1412240. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1412240. eCollection 2024.
The autonomy-supportive coaching style is recognized for its positive impact on athletes' well-being and performance. However, the transition of excessive autonomy into a coaching style has not been thoroughly examined within the context of coach evaluation scales. Existing scales focus predominantly on the positive dimensions of autonomy support, and do not possess the capabilities to measure outcomes which may be viewed as negative or other outcomes. This study aims to integrate the autonomy-supportive and coaching styles within the same measurement framework.
Our study developed a comprehensive scale to assess both the autonomy-supportive and coaching styles, drawing on items from the Sport Climate Questionnaire for autonomy support and adapting items from leadership research for coaching. We conducted two studies: the first with 148 athletes to refine the items and the second with 460 athletes to validate the full scale, utilizing exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and correlation analysis. We also measured internal consistency and split-half reliability.
The finalized scale includes a 6-item autonomy-supportive subscale and a 5-item subscale. Validation processes confirmed the scale's construct and criterion validity, alongside its reliability.
The Chinese Coaches' Autonomy-Supportive- Coaching Style Scale effectively captures both the beneficial and potentially detrimental aspects of coaching styles, addressing a critical gap in the literature and providing a reliable tool for evaluating coaching approaches.
自主支持型教练风格因其对运动员幸福感和表现的积极影响而受到认可。然而，在教练评估量表的背景下，过度自主转变为一种教练风格的情况尚未得到充分研究。现有的量表主要关注自主支持的积极维度，不具备测量可能被视为负面的结果或其他结果的能力。本研究旨在将自主支持型和[具体教练风格名称缺失]教练风格整合在同一个测量框架内。
我们的研究开发了一个综合量表来评估自主支持型和[具体教练风格名称缺失]教练风格，借鉴了运动氛围问卷中关于自主支持的项目，并改编了领导力研究中关于[具体教练风格名称缺失]教练风格的项目。我们进行了两项研究：第一项研究有148名运动员参与，用于完善项目；第二项研究有460名运动员参与，用于验证完整量表，采用探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析和相关性分析。我们还测量了内部一致性和分半信度。
最终确定的量表包括一个由6个项目组成的自主支持性子量表和一个由5个项目组成的[具体教练风格名称缺失]子量表。验证过程证实了该量表的结构效度、效标效度以及信度。
中国教练自主支持型-[具体教练风格名称缺失]教练风格量表有效地捕捉了教练风格的有益和潜在有害方面，填补了文献中的一个关键空白，并为评估教练方法提供了一个可靠的工具。
