School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2012 Aug;34(4):481-502. doi: 10.1123/jsep.34.4.481.
Embedded in the self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000) framework, we obtained self-report data from 418 paid and voluntary coaches from a variety of sports and competitive levels with the aim of exploring potential antecedents of coaches' perceived autonomy supportive and controlling behaviors. Controlling for socially desirable responses, structural equation modeling revealed that greater job security and opportunities for professional development, and lower work-life conflict were associated with psychological need satisfaction, which, in turn, was related to an adaptive process of psychological well-being and perceived autonomy support toward athletes. In contrast, higher work-life conflict and fewer opportunities for development were associated with a distinct maladaptive process of thwarted psychological needs, psychological ill-being, and perceived controlling interpersonal behavior. The results highlight how the coaching context may impact upon coaches' psychological health and their interpersonal behavior toward athletes. Moreover, evidence is provided for the independence of adaptive and maladaptive processes within the self-determination theory paradigm.
本研究以自我决定理论（Deci 和 Ryan，2000）为框架，从不同运动项目和竞技水平的 418 名有偿和志愿教练那里获得了自我报告数据，旨在探索教练感知的自主支持和控制行为的潜在前因。控制了社会期望反应后，结构方程模型显示，更大的工作保障和职业发展机会，以及较低的工作-生活冲突与心理需求满足有关，而心理需求满足又与运动员的心理幸福感和感知自主性支持的适应性过程有关。相比之下，较高的工作-生活冲突和较少的发展机会与受挫的心理需求、心理不适和感知控制的人际行为的独特适应不良过程有关。研究结果强调了教练环境如何影响教练的心理健康及其与运动员的人际行为。此外，还为自我决定理论范式中适应性和适应不良过程的独立性提供了证据。
