Bignier Camille, Havet Lucile, Brisoux Margot, Omeiche Céline, Misra Swati, Gonsard Apolline, Drummond David
Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2025 Mar;53:64-73. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.07.002. Epub 2024 Jul 29.
Climate change has significant consequences for children's respiratory health. Rising temperatures and extreme weather events increase children's exposure to allergens, mould, and air pollutants. Children are particularly vulnerable to these airborne particles due to their higher ventilation per unit of body weight, more frequent mouth breathing, and outdoor activities. Children with asthma and cystic fibrosis are at particularly high risk, with increased risks of exacerbation, but the effects of climate change could also be observed in the general population, with a risk of impaired lung development and growth. Mitigation measures, including reducing greenhouse gas emissions by healthcare professionals and healthcare systems, and adaptation measures, such as limiting outdoor activities during pollution peaks, are essential to preserve children's respiratory health. The mobilisation of society as a whole, including paediatricians, is crucial to limit the impact of climate change on children's respiratory health.
气候变化对儿童的呼吸健康有重大影响。气温上升和极端天气事件增加了儿童接触过敏原、霉菌和空气污染物的机会。由于儿童每单位体重的通气量较高、张口呼吸更频繁以及户外活动较多,他们特别容易受到这些空气传播颗粒的影响。患有哮喘和囊性纤维化的儿童风险尤其高,病情加重的风险增加,但气候变化的影响在普通人群中也可观察到,存在肺发育和生长受损的风险。缓解措施,包括医疗专业人员和医疗系统减少温室气体排放,以及适应措施,如在污染高峰期间限制户外活动,对于保护儿童的呼吸健康至关重要。动员包括儿科医生在内的整个社会对于限制气候变化对儿童呼吸健康的影响至关重要。