An Improved and Simplified -Mediated Genetic Transformation Protocol for with a Shorter Growth Time.

(Solanaceae family) is widely consumed as a fruit or local leafy vegetable after boiling; it also serves as a medicinal plant. Although -mediated genetic transformation has been established in . , the transformation period is long. Specifically, induction of roots takes approximately five weeks for tetraploid and hexaploid . , and 7 weeks for diploid . In this study, we developed an improved rooting-induced method that requires only about 1 week and avoids the use of tissue culture. After generating the transgenic shoots, they were directly transplanted into the soil to facilitate root formation. Remarkably, 100% of the transgenic shoots developed roots within 6 days. Our improved method is time-saving (saving more than 1 month) and simpler to operate. The improved rooting-induced step can be applied to induce roots in various plants using tissue culture, exemplified by the carnation ( L.). Furthermore, we applied the improved method to generate . plants expressing from kiwifruit ( spp.). This method will contribute to speeding up gene functional analysis and trait improvement in . and might have potential in fast plant molecular breeding processes in crops and rapid rooting induction in tissue culture.