Deng Li-Er, Qiu Yuzhi, Zeng Yana, Zou Jiafeng, Kumar Abhinav, Pan Ying, Nezamzadeh-Ejhieh Alireza, Liu Jianqiang, Liu Xingyan
Department of Nephrology, Dongguan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dongguan Guangdong 523000 China.
Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Medical University 523808 China
RSC Med Chem. 2024 May 17;15(8):2601-2621. doi: 10.1039/d4md00232f. eCollection 2024 Aug 14.
Diabetes mellitus is an exponentially growing chronic metabolic disease identified by prolonged hyperglycemia that leads to a plethora of health problems. It is well established that the skin of diabetic patients is more prone to injury, and hence, wound healing is an utmost critical restorative process for injured skin and other tissues. Diabetes patients have problems with wound healing at all stages, which ultimately results in delays in the healing process. Therefore, it is vital to find new medications or techniques to hasten the healing of wounds. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), an assorted class of porous hybrid materials comprising metal ions coordinated to organic ligands, can display great potential in accelerating diabetic wound healing due to their good physicochemical properties. The release of metal ions during the degradation of MOFs can promote the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and subsequently angiogenesis. Secondly, similar to enzyme-like active substances, they can eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction (secondary to the bio-load of wound bacteria), which is conducive to accelerating diabetic wound healing. Subsequently, MOFs can support the slow release of drugs (molecular or gas therapeutics) in diabetic wounds and promote wound healing by regulating pathological signaling pathways in the wound microenvironment or inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, the combination of photodynamic and photothermal therapies using photo-stimulated porphyrin-based MOF nanosystems has brought up a new idea for treating complicated diabetic wound microenvironments. In this review, recent advances affecting diabetic wound healing, current means of rapid diabetic wound healing, and the limitations of traditional approaches are discussed. Further, the diabetic wound healing applications of MOFs have been discussed followed by the future challenges and directions of MOF materials in diabetic wound healing.
糖尿病是一种呈指数增长的慢性代谢性疾病，其特征为长期高血糖，会导致大量健康问题。众所周知，糖尿病患者的皮肤更容易受伤，因此，伤口愈合对于受损皮肤和其他组织而言是极其关键的修复过程。糖尿病患者在伤口愈合的各个阶段都存在问题，最终导致愈合过程延迟。因此，寻找新的药物或技术来加速伤口愈合至关重要。金属有机框架（MOF）是一类由金属离子与有机配体配位组成的多孔杂化材料，由于其良好的物理化学性质，在加速糖尿病伤口愈合方面具有巨大潜力。MOF降解过程中金属离子的释放可促进成纤维细胞向肌成纤维细胞分化，进而促进血管生成。其次，与类酶活性物质类似，它们可以消除（继发于伤口细菌生物负荷的）活性氧（ROS）过量产生，这有利于加速糖尿病伤口愈合。随后，MOF可以支持糖尿病伤口中药物（分子或气体治疗剂）的缓慢释放，并通过调节伤口微环境中的病理信号通路或抑制炎症因子的表达来促进伤口愈合。此外，使用光刺激的基于卟啉的MOF纳米系统的光动力和光热疗法的结合为治疗复杂的糖尿病伤口微环境带来了新的思路。在这篇综述中，讨论了影响糖尿病伤口愈合的最新进展、当前快速愈合糖尿病伤口的方法以及传统方法的局限性。此外，还讨论了MOF在糖尿病伤口愈合中的应用，以及MOF材料在糖尿病伤口愈合方面未来面临的挑战和方向。
