Perdomo Sandra J, Fajardo Carlos E, Cardona-Mendoza Andrés
Grupo de Inmunología Cellular y Molecular de la Universidad El Bosque-INMUBO, Colombia.
School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 14;10(15):e34507. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34507. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
The biological seal (BS) at the implant-tissue interface is essential for the success of dental implants (DIs), and the absence of a proper BS can lead to peri-implantitis. The basement membrane (BM) and junctional epithelium are critical for sealing the peri-implant mucosa, and laminin 332 is an important protein in binding the epithelium to the implant surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of oral keratinocytes to titanium dental implant surfaces biofunctionalized with laminin 332.
The dental implant surface was treated with a piranha solution to create hydroxyl (OH) groups, facilitating biofunctionalization with laminin 332. The modified surface underwent scanning electron microscopy, surface roughness evaluation, and chemical composition analysis. Human keratinocytes from the Cal-27 line were then cultured on the modified implants for 24 and 48 h to assess viability, morphology, cytokine secretion, and mRNA expression of tissue repair-associated genes.
The results showed that laminin 332 biofunctionalization of the implant surface resulted in lower values of Ra, Rq and positive surface roughness parameters Rsk, Rku and Rv. The elemental composition showed an increase in nitrogen and carbon content corresponding to protein binding. The biofunctionalized surfaces did not affect cell viability and promoted cytokine secretion (IL-1a and IL-8) and a significant increase (p < 0.05) in MCP-1, EGF, FGF, TGF and VEGF gene expression compared to the control.
In conclusion, laminin 332 coating Ti implants was shown to be effective in promoting keratinocyte adhesion, spreading, and viability. This approach could be an alternative way to improve biocompatibility.
种植体与组织界面的生物封闭（BS）对于牙种植体（DI）的成功至关重要，缺乏适当的生物封闭会导致种植体周围炎。基底膜（BM）和结合上皮对于封闭种植体周围黏膜至关重要，层粘连蛋白332是将上皮与种植体表面结合的重要蛋白质。本研究的目的是评估口腔角质形成细胞对用层粘连蛋白332进行生物功能化处理的钛牙种植体表面的反应。
用王水对牙种植体表面进行处理以产生羟基（OH）基团，便于用层粘连蛋白332进行生物功能化。对改性表面进行扫描电子显微镜检查、表面粗糙度评估和化学成分分析。然后将来自Cal-27细胞系的人角质形成细胞在改性种植体上培养24小时和48小时，以评估细胞活力、形态、细胞因子分泌以及组织修复相关基因的mRNA表达。
结果表明，种植体表面的层粘连蛋白332生物功能化导致Ra、Rq值降低以及表面粗糙度参数Rsk、Rku和Rv为正值。元素组成显示与蛋白质结合对应的氮和碳含量增加。与对照组相比，生物功能化表面不影响细胞活力，并促进细胞因子分泌（IL-1α和IL-8）以及MCP-1、EGF、FGF、TGF和VEGF基因表达显著增加（p < 0.05）。
总之，层粘连蛋白332包被钛种植体被证明可有效促进角质形成细胞的黏附、铺展和活力。这种方法可能是改善生物相容性的一种替代方法。
