Cao Yunpeng, Han Yahui, Meng Dandan, Li Dahui, Jin Qing, Lin Yi, Cai Yongping
College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.
PeerJ. 2017 May 31;5:e3400. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3400. eCollection 2017.
The ethylene-insensitive3/ethylene-insensitive3-like () proteins are a type of nuclear-localized protein with DNA-binding activity in plants. Although the gene family has been studied in several plant species, little is known about comprehensive study of the gene family in Rosaceae. In this study, ten, five, four, and five genes were identified in the genomes of pear (), mei (), peach () and strawberry (), respectively. Twenty-eight chromosomal segments of gene family were found in four Rosaceae species, and these segments could form seven orthologous or paralogous groups based on interspecies or intraspecies gene colinearity (microsynteny) analysis. Moreover, the highly conserved regions of microsynteny were found in four Rosaceae species. Subsequently it was found that both whole genome duplication and tandem duplication events significantly contributed to the gene family expansion. Gene expression analysis of the genes in the pear revealed subfunctionalization for several genes derived from whole genome duplication. It is noteworthy that according to environmental selection pressure analysis, the strong purifying selection should dominate the maintenance of the gene family in four Rosaceae species. These results provided useful information on Rosaceae genes, as well as insights into the evolution of this gene family in four Rosaceae species. Furthermore, high level of microsynteny in the four Rosaceae plants suggested that a large-scale genome duplication event in the gene family was predated to speciation.
乙烯不敏感3/乙烯不敏感3样（EIN3/EIL）蛋白是植物中一类具有DNA结合活性的核定位蛋白。尽管已在多种植物物种中对EIN3/EIL基因家族进行了研究，但关于蔷薇科EIN3/EIL基因家族的全面研究却知之甚少。在本研究中，分别在梨（Pyrus）、梅（Prunus mume）、桃（Prunus persica）和草莓（Fragaria×ananassa）的基因组中鉴定出10个、5个、4个和5个EIN3/EIL基因。在4种蔷薇科物种中发现了EIN3/EIL基因家族的28个染色体区段，基于种间或种内基因共线性（微同源性）分析，这些区段可形成7个直系同源或旁系同源组。此外，在4种蔷薇科物种中发现了微同源性的高度保守区域。随后发现，全基因组复制和串联复制事件均对EIN3/EIL基因家族的扩张有显著贡献。对梨中EIN3/EIL基因的表达分析揭示了一些源自全基因组复制的EIN3/EIL基因的亚功能化。值得注意的是，根据环境选择压力分析，强烈的纯化选择应主导4种蔷薇科物种中EIN3/EIL基因家族的维持。这些结果为蔷薇科EIN3/EIL基因提供了有用信息，也为该基因家族在4种蔷薇科物种中的进化提供了见解。此外，4种蔷薇科植物中高度的微同源性表明，EIN3/EIL基因家族中的大规模基因组复制事件早于物种形成。
