Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Food Science, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
Mar Drugs. 2024 Jul 27;22(8):344. doi: 10.3390/md22080344.
The subcritical water extraction of (blade, sporophyll, and root) was evaluated to determine its chemical properties and biological activities. The extraction was conducted at 180 °C and 3 MPa. Root extracts exhibited the highest phenolic content (43.32 ± 0.19 mg phloroglucinol/g) and flavonoid content (31.54 ± 1.63 mg quercetin/g). Sporophyll extracts had the highest total sugar, reducing sugar, and protein content, with 97.35 ± 4.23 mg glucose/g, 56.44 ± 3.10 mg glucose/g, and 84.93 ± 2.82 mg bovine serum albumin (BSA)/g, respectively. The sporophyll contained the highest fucose (41.99%) and mannose (10.37%), whereas the blade had the highest galactose (48.57%) and glucose (17.27%) content. Sporophyll had the highest sulfate content (7.76%). Key compounds included sorbitol, glycerol, L-fucose, and palmitic acid. Root extracts contained the highest antioxidant activity, with IC values of 1.51 mg/mL (DPPH), 3.31 mg/mL (ABTS), and 2.23 mg/mL (FRAP). The root extract exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC of 5.07 mg/mL, indicating strong antidiabetic potential. The blade extract showed notable antihypertensive activity with an IC of 0.62 mg/mL. Hence, subcritical water extraction to obtain bioactive compounds from , supporting their use in functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals is highlighted. This study uniquely demonstrates the variation in bioactive compound composition and bioactivities across different parts of , providing deeper insights. Significant correlations between chemical properties and biological activities emphasize the use of extracts for chronic conditions.
采用亚临界水萃取法对 （叶片、孢子叶和根）进行提取，以确定其化学性质和生物活性。萃取在 180°C 和 3 MPa 下进行。根提取物的总酚含量（43.32 ± 0.19 mg 没食子儿茶素/g）和总黄酮含量（31.54 ± 1.63 mg 槲皮素/g）最高。孢子叶提取物的总糖、还原糖和蛋白质含量最高，分别为 97.35 ± 4.23 mg 葡萄糖/g、56.44 ± 3.10 mg 葡萄糖/g 和 84.93 ± 2.82 mg 牛血清白蛋白（BSA）/g。孢子叶中含有最高的岩藻糖（41.99%）和甘露糖（10.37%），而叶片中则含有最高的半乳糖（48.57%）和葡萄糖（17.27%）。孢子叶的硫酸根含量最高（7.76%）。关键化合物包括山梨糖醇、甘油、L-岩藻糖和棕榈酸。根提取物的抗氧化活性最高，DPPH 的 IC 值为 1.51 mg/mL，ABTS 的 IC 值为 3.31 mg/mL，FRAP 的 IC 值为 2.23 mg/mL。根提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性最强，IC 值为 5.07 mg/mL，表明其具有很强的抗糖尿病潜力。叶片提取物表现出显著的降血压活性，IC 值为 0.62 mg/mL。因此，强调采用亚临界水提取法从 中获取生物活性化合物，以支持其在功能性食品、化妆品和制药领域的应用。本研究独特地展示了 不同部位生物活性化合物组成和生物活性的变化，提供了更深入的见解。化学性质与生物活性之间的显著相关性强调了 使用提取物治疗慢性疾病的潜力。
