A Comprehensive Review Exploring the Protective Role of Specific Commensal Gut Bacteria against .

Gut microbiota is a diverse community of microorganisms that constantly work to protect the gut against pathogens. stands out as a notorious foodborne pathogen that interacts with gut microbes, causing an imbalance in the overall composition of microbiota and leading to dysbiosis. This review focuses on the interactions between and the key commensal bacteria such as , , , , and . The review highlights the role of these gut bacteria and their synergy in combating through several mechanistic interactions. These include the production of siderophores, which compete with for essential iron; the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which exert antimicrobial effects and modulate the gut environment; the secretion of bacteriocins, which directly inhibit growth; and the modulation of cytokine responses, which influences the host's immune reaction to infection. While much research has explored , this review aims to better understand how specific gut bacteria engage with the pathogen, revealing distinct defense mechanisms tailored to each species and how their synergy may lead to enhanced protection against . Furthermore, the combination of these commensal bacteria could offer promising avenues for bacteria-mediated therapy during -induced gut infections in the future.