Scala Valeria, Scortichini Marco, Marini Federico, La Montagna Dario, Beccaccioli Marzia, Micalizzi Kristina, Cacciotti Andrea, Pucci Nicoletta, Tatulli Giuseppe, Fiorani Riccardo, Loreti Stefania, Reverberi Massimo
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, 00156 Roma, Italy.
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, 00134 Roma, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Aug 7;13(16):2186. doi: 10.3390/plants13162186.
subsp. ST53 (XFP), the causal agent of olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS), was thoroughly investigated after a 2013 outbreak in the Salento region of Southern Italy. Some trees from Ogliarola Salentina and Cellina di Nardò, susceptible cultivars in the Gallipoli area, the first XFP infection hotspot in Italy, have resprouted crowns and are starting to flower and yield fruits. Satellite imagery and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index analyses revealed a significant improvement in vegetation health and productivity from 2018 to 2022 of these trees. Lipid molecules have long been recognized as plant defense modulators, and recently, we investigated their role in XFP-positive hosts and in XFP-resistant as well as in XFP-susceptible cultivars of olive trees. Here, we present a case study regarding 36 olive trees (12 XFP-positive resprouting, 12 XFP-positive OQDS-symptomatic, and 12 XFP-negative trees) harvested in 2022 within the area where XFP struck first, killing millions of trees in a decade. These trees were analyzed for some free fatty acid, oxylipin, and plant hormones, in particular jasmonic and salicylic acid, by targeted LC-MS/MS. Multivariate analysis revealed that lipid markers of resistance (e.g., 13-HpOTrE), along with jasmonic and salicylic acid, were accumulated differently in the XFP-positive resprouting trees from both cultivars with respect to XFP-positive OQDS symptomatic and XFP-negative trees, suggesting a correlation of lipid metabolism with the resprouting, which can be an indication of the resiliency of these trees to OQDS. This is the first report concerning the resprouting of OQDS-infected olive trees in the Salento area.
亚种ST53（XFP）是油橄榄快速衰退综合征（OQDS）的病原体，在2013年意大利南部萨伦托地区爆发疫情后，对其进行了全面调查。来自奥利亚罗拉·萨伦蒂纳和切利纳·迪纳尔迪的一些树木，是加里波利地区的易感品种，该地区是意大利首个XFP感染热点地区，这些树木已重新长出树冠，并开始开花结果。卫星图像和归一化植被指数分析显示，从2018年到2022年，这些树木的植被健康状况和生产力有了显著改善。脂质分子长期以来一直被认为是植物防御调节剂，最近，我们研究了它们在XFP阳性宿主以及油橄榄树的XFP抗性和易感品种中的作用。在这里，我们展示了一个案例研究，涉及2022年在XFP首次爆发的地区收获的36棵油橄榄树（12棵XFP阳性重新发芽的树、12棵XFP阳性有OQDS症状的树和12棵XFP阴性树），在十年内，该地区数百万棵树木因XFP而死亡。通过靶向液相色谱-串联质谱法对这些树木的一些游离脂肪酸、氧脂和植物激素，特别是茉莉酸和水杨酸进行了分析。多变量分析显示，抗性脂质标记物（如13-HpOTrE）以及茉莉酸和水杨酸，在两个品种的XFP阳性重新发芽的树中与XFP阳性有OQDS症状的树和XFP阴性树相比，积累情况不同，这表明脂质代谢与重新发芽之间存在相关性，这可能是这些树木对OQDS具有恢复力的一个指标。这是关于萨伦托地区OQDS感染油橄榄树重新发芽的第一份报告。
