Gender and Women's Health Unit, Nossal Institute for Global Health, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
JMIR Form Res. 2024 Sep 6;8:e46531. doi: 10.2196/46531.
Cesarean section (CS) rates in Indonesia are rapidly increasing for both sociocultural and medical reasons. However, there is limited understanding of the role that social media plays in influencing preferences regarding mode of birth (vaginal or CS). Social media provides a platform for users to seek and exchange information, including information on the mode of birth, which may help unpack social influences on health behavior.
This study aims to explore how CS is portrayed on Instagram in Indonesia.
We downloaded public Instagram posts from Indonesia containing CS hashtags and extracted their attributes (image, caption, hashtags, and objects and texts within images). Posts were divided into 2 periods-before COVID-19 and during COVID-19-to examine changes in CS portrayal during the pandemic. We used a mixed methods approach to analysis using text mining, descriptive statistics, and qualitative content analysis.
A total of 9978 posts were analyzed quantitatively, and 720 (7.22%) posts were sampled and analyzed qualitatively. The use of text (527/5913, 8.91% vs 242/4065, 5.95%; P<.001) and advertisement materials (411/5913, 6.95% vs 83/4065, 2.04%; P<.001) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the pandemic, indicating growth of information sharing on CS over time. Posts with CS hashtags primarily promoted herbal medicine for faster recovery and services for choosing auspicious childbirth dates, encouraging elective CS. Some private health facilities offered discounts on CS for special events such as Mother's Day and promoted techniques such as enhanced recovery after CS for comfortable, painless birth, and faster recovery after CS. Hashtags related to comfortable or painless birth (2358/5913, 39.88% vs 278/4065, 6.84%; P<.001), enhanced recovery after CS (124/5913, 2.1% vs 0%; P<.001), feng shui services (110/5913, 1.86% vs 56/4065, 1.38%; P=.03), names of health care providers (2974/5913, 50.3% vs 304/4065, 7.48%; P<.001), and names of hospitals (1460/5913, 24.69% vs 917/4065, 22.56%; P=.007) were more prominent during compared to before the pandemic.
This study highlights the necessity of enforcing advertisement regulations regarding birth-related medical services in the commercial and private sectors. Enhanced health promotion efforts are crucial to ensure that women receive accurate, balanced, and appropriate information about birth options. Continuous and proactive health information dissemination from government organizations is essential to counteract biases favoring CS over vaginal birth.
由于社会文化和医疗原因，印度尼西亚的剖宫产率迅速上升。然而，人们对社交媒体在影响分娩方式（阴道分娩或剖宫产）偏好方面的作用知之甚少。社交媒体为用户提供了寻求和交流信息的平台，包括关于分娩方式的信息，这可能有助于揭示影响健康行为的社会因素。
本研究旨在探讨剖宫产在印度尼西亚的 Instagram 上是如何呈现的。
我们从印度尼西亚下载了包含剖宫产标签的公共 Instagram 帖子，并提取了它们的属性（图像、标题、标签以及图像中的对象和文本）。帖子分为 COVID-19 之前和 COVID-19 期间两个时期，以检查大流行期间剖宫产的描述变化。我们使用混合方法进行分析，包括文本挖掘、描述性统计和定性内容分析。
共分析了 9978 条帖子，定量分析了 720 条（7.22%）帖子，并对其进行了定性采样分析。与 COVID-19 大流行前相比，COVID-19 期间使用文本（527/5913，8.91%比 242/4065，5.95%；P<.001）和广告材料（411/5913，6.95%比 83/4065，2.04%；P<.001）有所增加，表明随着时间的推移，关于剖宫产的信息共享有所增加。带有剖宫产标签的帖子主要宣传草药以促进更快恢复和选择吉祥分娩日期的服务，鼓励选择性剖宫产。一些私立医疗机构在母亲节等特殊活动期间提供剖宫产折扣，并宣传增强型剖宫产术后恢复等技术，以实现舒适、无痛分娩和剖宫产术后更快恢复。与舒适或无痛分娩相关的标签（2358/5913，39.88%比 278/4065，6.84%；P<.001）、增强型剖宫产术后恢复（124/5913，2.1%比 0%；P<.001）、风水服务（110/5913，1.86%比 56/4065，1.38%；P=.03）、医疗保健提供者的名称（2974/5913，50.3%比 304/4065，7.48%；P<.001）和医院名称（1460/5913，24.69%比 917/4065，22.56%；P=.007）在 COVID-19 期间比 COVID-19 之前更为突出。
本研究强调有必要对商业和私营部门与生育相关的医疗服务的广告法规进行监管。加强健康促进工作至关重要，以确保妇女获得关于分娩选择的准确、平衡和适当的信息。政府组织需要持续、积极地传播健康信息，以对抗支持剖宫产而非阴道分娩的偏见。
