Trauma and Orthopaedics Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Student Society of Nutrigenomics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 6;14(1):20858. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71684-w.
This study aimed to compare the gut and oral microbiota composition of professional male football players and amateurs. Environmental and behavioral factors are well known to modulate intestinal microbiota composition. Active lifestyle behaviors are involved in the improvement of metabolic and inflammatory parameters. Exercise promotes adaptational changes in human metabolic capacities affecting microbial homeostasis. Twenty professional football players and twelve amateurs were invited to the study groups. Fecal and oral microbiota were analyzed using next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Diversity in the oral microbiota composition was similar in amateurs and professionals, while the increase in training intensity reduced the number of bacterial species. In contrast, the analysis of the intestinal microbiota showed the greatest differentiation between professional football players and amateurs, especially during intensive training. Firmicutes were characterized by the largest population in all the studied groups. Intensive physical activity increases the abundance of butyrate and succinate-producing bacteria affecting host metabolic homeostasis, suggesting a very beneficial role for the host immune system's microbiome homeostasis and providing a proper function of the host immune system.
本研究旨在比较职业男性足球运动员和业余爱好者的肠道和口腔微生物群落组成。环境和行为因素是众所周知的调节肠道微生物群落组成的因素。积极的生活方式行为参与改善代谢和炎症参数。运动促进了人类代谢能力的适应性变化，影响了微生物的内稳性。邀请了 20 名职业足球运动员和 12 名业余爱好者参加研究组。使用 16S rRNA 基因的下一代测序分析粪便和口腔微生物群落。业余爱好者和专业运动员的口腔微生物群落组成多样性相似，而训练强度的增加减少了细菌种类。相比之下，肠道微生物群落的分析显示了职业足球运动员和业余爱好者之间最大的差异，尤其是在密集训练期间。厚壁菌门在所有研究组中都具有最大的种群。剧烈的身体活动增加了产生丁酸盐和琥珀酸盐的细菌的丰度，影响了宿主的代谢内稳性，这表明宿主免疫系统的微生物群落内稳性对宿主免疫系统具有非常有益的作用，并为宿主免疫系统的正常功能提供了保障。
