Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cell Biochem Biophys. 2024 Dec;82(4):3265-3276. doi: 10.1007/s12013-024-01356-z. Epub 2024 Sep 11.
Selenium (Se) plays a crucial role in modulating inflammation and oxidative stress within the human system. Biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) synthesized by Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, positioning them as a promising alternative to traditional supplements characterized by limited bioavailability. With this context in mind, this study investigates the impact of selenium and L. casei in ameliorating inflammation and oxidative stress using a cell line model. The study is centered on the biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) by L. casei 393 under anaerobic conditions using a solution of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) in the bacterial culture medium. The generation of SeNPs ensued from the interaction of L. casei bacteria with selenium ions, a process characterized via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm the synthesis of SeNPs. To induce inflammation, the human colonic adenocarcinoma cell line, Caco-2 was subjected to interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) at concentrations of 0.5 and 25 ng/ml. Subsequent analyses encompass the evaluation of SeNPs derived from L. casei, its supernatant, commercial selenium, and L. casei probiotic on Caco2 cell line. Finally, we assessed the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. The assessment of inflammation involved the quantification of NF-κB and TGF-β gene expression levels, while oxidative stress was evaluated through the measurement of Nrf2, Keap1, NOX1, and SOD2 gene levels. L. casei successfully produced SeNPs, as confirmed by the color change in the culture medium and TEM analysis showing their uniform distribution within the bacteria. In the inflamed Caco-2 cell line, the NF-κB gene was upregulated, but treatment with L. casei-SeNPs and selenium increased TGF-β expression. Moreover, L. casei-SeNPs upregulated SOD2 and Nrf2 genes, while downregulating NOX1, Keap1, and NF-κB genes. These results demonstrated the potential of L. casei-SeNPs for reducing inflammation and managing oxidative stress in the Caco-2 cell line. The study underscores the ability of L. casei-SeNPs to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in inflamed Caco-2 cell lines, emphasizing the effectiveness of L. casei as a source of selenium. These insights hold significant promise for the development of SeNPs derived from L. casei as potent anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agents, paving the way for novel therapeutic applications in the field.
硒（Se）在调节人体系统中的炎症和氧化应激方面起着至关重要的作用。由干酪乳杆菌（L. casei）合成的生物硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）具有抗炎和抗氧化特性，因此成为传统补充剂的有前途的替代品，这些补充剂的生物利用度有限。有鉴于此，本研究使用细胞系模型研究了硒和干酪乳杆菌在改善炎症和氧化应激方面的作用。该研究的重点是在厌氧条件下，通过在细菌培养基中使用亚硒酸钠（Na2SeO3）溶液，由 L. casei 393 合成硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs）。SeNPs 的生成是由 L. casei 细菌与硒离子相互作用的结果，通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）进行的过程分析可确认 SeNPs 的合成。为了诱导炎症，将人结肠腺癌细胞系 Caco-2 用白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）以 0.5 和 25ng/ml 的浓度处理。随后的分析包括评估源自 L. casei 的 SeNPs、其上清液、商业硒和 L. casei 益生菌对 Caco2 细胞系的影响。最后，我们评估了炎症和氧化应激标志物。炎症的评估包括定量测定 NF-κB 和 TGF-β基因的表达水平，而氧化应激则通过测量 Nrf2、Keap1、NOX1 和 SOD2 基因水平来评估。L. casei 成功地产生了 SeNPs，这可以通过培养基颜色的变化和 TEM 分析证实，表明它们在细菌内均匀分布。在发炎的 Caco-2 细胞系中，NF-κB 基因上调，但用 L. casei-SeNPs 和硒处理可增加 TGF-β 的表达。此外，L. casei-SeNPs 上调了 SOD2 和 Nrf2 基因，同时下调了 NOX1、Keap1 和 NF-κB 基因。这些结果表明 L. casei-SeNPs 具有减轻 Caco-2 细胞系炎症和氧化应激的潜力。该研究强调了 L. casei-SeNPs 减少发炎的 Caco-2 细胞系中氧化应激和炎症的能力，强调了 L. casei 作为硒源的有效性。这些发现为开发源自 L. casei 的 SeNPs 作为有效的抗炎和抗癌药物提供了重要的启示，为该领域的新型治疗应用铺平了道路。
