Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
Department of Systems and Economics of Crop Production, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich Str. 8, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland.
Molecules. 2024 Aug 29;29(17):4106. doi: 10.3390/molecules29174106.
Spelt L. subsp. (cv. Wirtas), einkorn L. (cv. Samopsza) and emmer Schrank (Schuebl) (cv. Płaskurka biała and Płaskurka ciemna) spring wheat cultivars were analyzed and compared to common wheat L. subsp. (cv. Harenda, Kandela, Mandaryna, Serenada, Goplana, Kamelia, Nimfa, Rusałka, Struna, Zadra) cultivated in an organic production system. Moreover, the performance of four common wheat cultivars (cv. Harenda, Kandela, Mandaryna, Serenada) grown in organic, conventional and integrated production systems were compared. The UHPLC-DAD-MS and TLC-DPPH analyses of specific substances (phenolic acids and alkylresorcinols) were evaluated to ascertain the potential of spring wheat cultivars for promoting human health and suitability for cultivation in an organic production system. The highest yield was observed for the L. subsp. (modern hull-less) cv. Nimfa (4.45 t/ha), which also demonstrated the lowest resistance to spp. infection. Among the contemporary hull-less cultivars, cv. Mandaryna and cv. Harenda exhibited the highest resistance to this pathogen (2.4% and 3.7% of grains infected by , respectively), while simultaneously displaying the highest organic phenolic acid content (900.92 and 984.55 µg/g of the grain) and the highest antioxidant potential. It is noteworthy that the cereal hulls of L. (old hulled) (cv. Samopsza) exhibited a markedly elevated content of phenolic acids (approximately 4000 µg/g of the grain). This may have contributed to the reduced incidence of infection (9.3% of grains infected) observed in the grains of this cultivar. Furthermore, the hulls proved to be a rich source of phenolics with high antioxidant activity, which is beneficial for human and animal health.
春小麦品种斯佩尔特小麦亚种（cv. Wirtas）、一粒小麦（cv. Samopsza）和二粒小麦（Schuebl）（cv. Płaskurka biała 和 Płaskurka ciemna）与在有机生产系统中种植的普通小麦（L. subsp. （cv. Harenda、Kandela、Mandaryna、Serenada、Goplana、Kamelia、Nimfa、Rusałka、Struna、Zadra））进行了分析和比较。此外，还比较了在有机、常规和综合生产系统中种植的四个普通小麦品种（cv. Harenda、Kandela、Mandaryna、Serenada）的表现。采用 UHPLC-DAD-MS 和 TLC-DPPH 分析特定物质（酚酸和烷基间苯二酚），以确定春小麦品种促进人类健康的潜力及其在有机生产系统中种植的适宜性。产量最高的是 L. subsp. （现代无壳）cv. Nimfa（4.45 吨/公顷），对 spp.感染的抵抗力也最低。在当代无壳品种中，cv. Mandaryna 和 cv. Harenda 对这种病原体的抗性最高（分别有 2.4%和 3.7%的谷物受到感染），同时表现出最高的有机酚酸含量（谷物中分别为 900.92 和 984.55 µg/g）和最高的抗氧化潜力。值得注意的是， L. （旧壳）（cv. Samopsza）的谷物壳表现出明显更高的酚酸含量（约 4000 µg/g 的谷物）。这可能导致该品种谷物感染率降低（感染谷物为 9.3%）。此外，麦麸是一种富含具有高抗氧化活性的酚类物质的来源，这对人类和动物的健康有益。
