Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt.
Botany and Microbiology Department, FacultyofScience, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 18;14(1):21754. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71500-5.
Withania (Solanaceae, Solanoideae) is a widespread genus. Comparative macro-, micro-morphological, anatomical, and molecular features of this genus in Egypt were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy to reassess the conflicted taxonomic relationships between the two studied species. The most significant morphological differences that have been found were: the shape of the lamina, apex, anther, and stigma, and the ratio of calyx tube/lobe; anatomical examination of taxonomic interest are as follows: number of vascular bundles, presence of ears and distribution of accessory vascular bundles in petiole and shape of spongy cells, and number of lower parenchyma in the midrib region of the leaf; trichomes of both species showed no significant differences; pollen, and seed characters are of taxonomic significance in differentiation and characterization between them. Protein profiling revealed that W. somnifera has only conserved proteins, while W. obtusifolia possessed both conserved and additional proteins in their SDS-PAGE banding patterns. Eleven starts codon-targeted (ScoT) primers were applied and produced 96 amplicons with an average of 70.83% polymorphism/primer. W. obtusifolia generated more polymorphic bands and maintained monomorphic ones. SDS-PAGE disclosed that both Withania species were 50% related. While Scot-Dendrogram revealed that both Withania species were poorly related. So, protein and molecular analyses showed considerable genetic variations between these two species.
茄科（茄科，茄科）的 Withania 是一个广泛分布的属。使用光学和扫描电子显微镜检查了该属在埃及的比较宏观、微观形态学、解剖学和分子特征，以重新评估两个研究物种之间存在冲突的分类关系。发现的最显着的形态差异是：叶片、叶尖、花药和柱头的形状，以及花萼管/裂片的比例；具有分类意义的解剖学检查如下：维管束的数量、叶柄中耳和辅助维管束的存在及其分布、海绵细胞的形状以及叶中脉区下部韧皮部的数量；两种物种的毛状体没有显着差异；花粉和种子特征在它们之间的分化和特征化中具有分类意义。蛋白质分析表明，W. somnifera 仅具有保守蛋白，而 W. obtusifolia 在其 SDS-PAGE 带型中既有保守蛋白又有额外蛋白。应用了 11 个起始密码子靶向（ScoT）引物，产生了 96 个扩增子，平均多态性/引物为 70.83%。W. obtusifolia 产生了更多的多态性条带并保持了单态性条带。SDS-PAGE 显示两种 Withania 物种有 50%的亲缘关系。虽然 Scot-Dendrogram 显示这两个 Withania 物种的亲缘关系较差。因此，蛋白质和分子分析表明这两个物种之间存在相当大的遗传变异。
