Scariolo Francesco, Gabelli Giovanni, Magon Gabriele, Palumbo Fabio, Pirrello Carlotta, Farinati Silvia, Curioni Andrea, Devillars Aurélien, Lucchin Margherita, Barcaccia Gianni, Vannozzi Alessandro
Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
Interdepartmental Centre for Research in Viticulture and Enology, University of Padua, Via XXVIII Aprile, 31015 Conegliano, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Sep 13;13(18):2574. doi: 10.3390/plants13182574.
PIWI, from the German word Pilzwiderstandsfähig, meaning "fungus-resistant", refers to grapevine cultivars bred for resistance to fungal pathogens such as (the causal agent of powdery mildew) and (the causal agent of downy mildew), two major diseases in viticulture. These varieties are typically developed through traditional breeding, often crossbreeding European Vitis vinifera with American or Asian species that carry natural disease resistance. This study investigates the transcriptional profiles of exocarp tissues in mature berries from four PIWI grapevine varieties compared to their elite parental counterparts using RNA-seq analysis. We performed RNA-seq on four PIWI varieties (two red and two white) and their noble parents to identify differential gene expression patterns. Comprehensive analyses, including Differential Gene Expression (DEGs), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and tau analysis, revealed distinct gene clusters and individual genes characterizing the transcriptional landscape of PIWI varieties. Differentially expressed genes indicated significant changes in pathways related to organic acid metabolism and membrane transport, potentially contributing to enhanced resilience. WGCNA and k-means clustering highlighted co-expression modules linked to PIWI genotypes and their unique tolerance profiles. Tau analysis identified genes uniquely expressed in specific genotypes, with several already known for their defense roles. These findings offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying grapevine resistance and suggest promising avenues for breeding strategies to enhance disease resistance and overall grape quality in viticulture.
PIWI这个词源于德语单词Pilzwiderstandsfähig，意为“抗真菌”，指的是为抵抗葡萄栽培中的两种主要病害——白粉病的病原体（白粉菌）和霜霉病的病原体（霜霉病菌）而培育的葡萄品种。这些品种通常通过传统育种方式培育，常常将欧洲葡萄品种欧亚种葡萄与携带天然抗病性的美洲或亚洲葡萄品种进行杂交。本研究利用RNA测序分析，调查了四个PIWI葡萄品种成熟浆果外果皮组织相对于其优良亲本的转录谱。我们对四个PIWI品种（两个红色品种和两个白色品种）及其优质亲本进行了RNA测序，以确定差异基因表达模式。包括差异基因表达（DEG）、基因集富集分析（GSEA）、加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）和tau分析在内的综合分析，揭示了表征PIWI品种转录图谱的不同基因簇和单个基因。差异表达基因表明与有机酸代谢和膜转运相关的途径发生了显著变化，这可能有助于增强其抗性。WGCNA和k均值聚类突出了与PIWI基因型及其独特耐受谱相关的共表达模块。tau分析确定了在特定基因型中独特表达的基因，其中一些基因因其防御作用而早已为人所知。这些发现为葡萄抗性的分子机制提供了见解，并为葡萄栽培中增强抗病性和提高葡萄整体品质的育种策略指明了有前景的方向。
