Goggin Danica E, Cawthray Gregory R, Busi Roberto
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Agriculture and Environment, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
Separation Science and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
Pest Manag Sci. 2025 Feb;81(2):618-630. doi: 10.1002/ps.8458. Epub 2024 Oct 3.
Cross-resistance between pre-emergence herbicides is developing in Australian populations of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.). A previous study has reported that selection with prosulfocarb (a pro-herbicide requiring bioactivation to its phytotoxic sulfoxide) can decrease metabolic resistance to trifluralin. Metabolism of prosulfocarb and trifluralin was investigated in L. rigidum populations with different levels of resistance to prosulfocarb, trifluralin and also pyroxasulfone, which is detoxified by glutathione (GSH) conjugation.
Coleoptiles and radicles of herbicide-treated seedlings responded differently to the same herbicide. Radicles had a lower capacity for bioactivation of prosulfocarb, and this was correlated with a lower ability to metabolise trifluralin within and among populations. Coleoptile resistance to prosulfocarb sulfoxide was negatively correlated with abundance of a major polar metabolite. There was no evidence of GSH conjugation with the sulfoxide, making any potential links between prosulfocarb and pyroxasulfone resistance less obvious.
Activation and metabolism of prosulfocarb in L. rigidum is complex and differentially regulated in different tissues. Selection with prosulfocarb may ameliorate trifluralin metabolism in the radicles, but the relationship between prosulfocarb and pyroxasulfone resistance is not GSH-mediated. When applying pre-emergence herbicides, care should be taken with the composition of mixtures and rotations to avoid selection of cross-resistance between pyroxasulfone and prosulfocarb. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
澳大利亚一年生黑麦草（Lolium rigidum Gaud.）种群中，芽前除草剂之间的交叉抗性正在形成。先前的一项研究报告称，用丙酯草醚（一种需要生物活化成其具有植物毒性的亚砜的前体除草剂）进行选择可以降低对氟乐灵的代谢抗性。在对丙酯草醚、氟乐灵以及通过谷胱甘肽（GSH）共轭解毒的唑啉草酯具有不同抗性水平的一年生黑麦草种群中，研究了丙酯草醚和氟乐灵的代谢情况。
用除草剂处理过的幼苗的胚芽鞘和胚根对同一种除草剂的反应不同。胚根对丙酯草醚的生物活化能力较低，这与种群内部和种群之间代谢氟乐灵的能力较低相关。胚芽鞘对丙酯草醚亚砜的抗性与一种主要极性代谢物的丰度呈负相关。没有证据表明GSH与亚砜共轭，这使得丙酯草醚和唑啉草酯抗性之间的任何潜在联系不那么明显。
一年生黑麦草中丙酯草醚的活化和代谢很复杂，并且在不同组织中受到不同的调节。用丙酯草醚进行选择可能会改善胚根中氟乐灵的代谢，但丙酯草醚和唑啉草酯抗性之间的关系不是由GSH介导的。在施用芽前除草剂时，应注意混合物和轮作的组成，以避免选择唑啉草酯和丙酯草醚之间的交叉抗性。© 2024作者。由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版的《害虫管理科学》。
