Department of Animal, Poultry and Environmental Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, Egypt.
Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Kharga Oasis, Egypt.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Oct 9;24(1):395. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03527-7.
Yersiniosis is one of the most significant intestinal disorders caused by Yersinia enterocolitica and affects both humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica in New Valley Governorate, Egypt in animals, humans, fresh milk and dried milk. Additionally, this study analyzed the presence of virulence genes, including ail and Yst in tested isolates and conducted a phylogenetic analysis to determine the genetic similarity between human, and animal Y. enterocolitica isolates. Finally, the antimicrobial resistance patterns of the isolates were examined.
Among the 982 samples examined, the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica based on ISO10273-2017 was 11.7% in animal samples including 12.8% of animal faeces, and 10.4% in milk samples. Moreover, the prevalence of Y. enterocolitica was 13.2% in human stool, and 9.5% in dried milk samples. The molecular characterization of the six randomly selected isolates showed that the 16S rRNA, ail and Yst genes were found in 50, 33.3 and 100% of the examined Y. enterocolitica isolates, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of animal and human isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed a high degree of similarity between the isolates. All the tested animal and human Y. enterocolitica isolates (100%) were resistant to ampicillin and cefotaxime, but highly sensitive to norfloxacin.
The high prevalence of Y. enterocolitica in animal and human samples with high degrees of genetic similarity poses a threat to public and animal health. Animal faeces, milk and milk powder represent the main sources of Y. enterocolitica infection in humans. Additionally, high levels of antibiotic resistance of Y. enterocolitica can cause public health hazards by leading to the failure of disease prevention and treatment programs in humans and animals.
耶尔森菌病是由小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌引起的最严重的肠道疾病之一，影响人类和动物。本研究旨在调查埃及新河谷省动物、人类、新鲜牛奶和奶粉中肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的流行情况。此外，本研究还分析了受试分离株中毒力基因ail和Yst的存在情况，并进行了系统发育分析，以确定人类和动物肠结肠炎耶尔森菌分离株之间的遗传相似性。最后，还检测了分离株的抗菌药物耐药模式。
在检查的 982 个样本中，根据 ISO10273-2017 标准，动物样本中肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的流行率为 11.7%，其中动物粪便为 12.8%，牛奶为 10.4%。此外，人类粪便中肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的流行率为 13.2%，奶粉为 9.5%。随机选择的 6 个分离株的分子特征表明，16S rRNA、ail 和 Yst 基因在 50%、33.3%和 100%的被检测的肠结肠炎耶尔森菌分离株中被发现。基于 16S rRNA 基因对动物和人类分离株的系统发育分析显示，分离株之间具有高度的相似性。所有被检测的动物和人类肠结肠炎耶尔森菌分离株（100%）对氨苄西林和头孢噻肟耐药，但对诺氟沙星高度敏感。
动物和人类样本中肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的高流行率及其高度相似的遗传特征对公共和动物健康构成威胁。动物粪便、牛奶和奶粉是人类感染肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的主要来源。此外，肠结肠炎耶尔森菌对抗生素的高耐药性可能会导致人类和动物的疾病预防和治疗计划失败，从而对公共健康造成危害。
