Lavelle Kyrstin, Fouad Karim, Illes Judy
Neuroethics Canada, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
Department of Physical Therapy, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Sep 24;14(19):2755. doi: 10.3390/ani14192755.
In this paper, we review the standard-setting tools of different levels of government in Canada for overseeing the care of animals used in science against a landscape of other international efforts. We find regulatory inconsistencies, argue that the related shortcomings are detrimental to the level of care afforded to animals, and offer suggestions for a centralized and proactive approach that could close the existing gaps. Given the resources, cost, and time it would take to transform the current system into a single cohesive one, the proposed approach is a stepwise one, and begins with the addition of two new Rs-Reflection and Responsiveness-to the existing 3Rs framework: Replacement, Refinement, and Reduction. Reflection emphasizes more continuous and specific attention to progress in the research pathway as it applies to animals than is currently required by institutional review and reporting; Responsiveness speaks to the immediate action that researchers can take responsively to that ongoing evaluation.
在本文中，我们审视了加拿大各级政府用于监督科研中动物护理的标准制定工具，并将其置于其他国际努力的背景下进行考量。我们发现了监管方面的不一致之处，认为相关缺陷不利于动物所获护理的水平，并针对一种可以弥合现有差距的集中且主动的方法提出了建议。鉴于将当前系统转变为一个统一整体所需的资源、成本和时间，所提议的方法是循序渐进的，首先是在现有的3R框架（替代、优化和减少）基础上增加两个新的R：反思和响应性。反思强调相较于机构审查和报告目前所要求的，要对适用于动物的研究路径中的进展给予更持续、具体的关注；响应性则是指研究人员能够针对该持续评估做出即时反应所采取的行动。
