Mohammed Farhad Sadik, Ozdamli Fezile
Department of Computer Information Systems, Near East University, Lefkoşa 98010, Turkey.
Department of Management Information Systems, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, Turkey.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Oct 2;14(10):894. doi: 10.3390/bs14100894.
This research addresses the importance of the soft skills approach, which encompasses problem-solving, collaboration, interpersonal and communication skills for higher education in the information technology (IT) field. IT graduate students continue to face difficulties in meeting the employability criteria of the global information technology sector due to mismatching capabilities, such as the discrepancy between the technical knowledge obtained in academia and the practical skills expected by employers. This systematic literature review used PRISMA guidelines for data collection. Papers were examined using the inclusion-exclusion criteria, which included concentrating on full-text studies about soft skills in higher education published in English between 2018 and 2024. The keywords used by the inclusion and exclusion criteria are soft skills, higher education, university, undergraduate, graduate, IT, information technology, software, computer science, programming, information systems and IS. The SCOPUS search engine platform found 2088 documents, and the (WOS) database obtained 1383 documents. To comprehend the significance of soft skills in the field and its effect on graduates' employability, 69 papers were carefully examined. The rapid change following Industrial Revolution 4.0 has transformed the working environment, challenging new IT graduates to be competent in the working environment. This study highlights the importance of soft skills and self-awareness in university education, revealing that current curricula must adapt to the rapidly changing job market, especially post Industry 4.0. The literature review indicates that despite high technical competence, graduates lack essential soft skills like communication, teamwork, and problem-solving, creating a gap between new graduates and industry expectations. Hopefully, this study's results will contribute to understanding the functionality and necessity of soft skills in the behavioral sciences literature. To bridge the skills gap between industry demands and technical proficiency, academic institutions should incorporate creative teaching approaches prioritizing soft skills like problem-solving, teamwork, and communication. Universities, recent graduates, and companies must work together to modify courses to meet the needs of a job market that is changing quickly.
本研究探讨了软技能方法的重要性，该方法涵盖了解决问题、协作、人际和沟通技能，对信息技术（IT）领域的高等教育具有重要意义。由于能力不匹配，如学术领域获得的技术知识与雇主期望的实践技能之间的差异，IT专业研究生在满足全球信息技术行业的就业标准方面仍面临困难。本系统文献综述使用PRISMA指南进行数据收集。论文根据纳入和排除标准进行审查，这些标准包括专注于2018年至2024年期间以英文发表的关于高等教育软技能的全文研究。纳入和排除标准使用的关键词是软技能、高等教育、大学、本科、研究生、IT、信息技术、软件、计算机科学、编程、信息系统和IS。SCOPUS搜索引擎平台找到2088篇文献，（WOS）数据库获得1383篇文献。为了理解软技能在该领域的重要性及其对毕业生就业能力的影响，对69篇论文进行了仔细审查。工业4.0之后的快速变化改变了工作环境，对新的IT毕业生在工作环境中胜任工作提出了挑战。本研究强调了软技能和自我意识在大学教育中的重要性，表明当前课程必须适应快速变化的就业市场，尤其是工业4.0之后的市场。文献综述表明，尽管毕业生具备较高的技术能力，但缺乏沟通、团队合作和解决问题等基本软技能，这导致新毕业生与行业期望之间存在差距。希望本研究结果将有助于理解行为科学文献中软技能的功能和必要性。为了弥合行业需求与技术熟练程度之间的技能差距，学术机构应采用优先考虑解决问题、团队合作和沟通等软技能的创新教学方法。大学、应届毕业生和公司必须共同努力修改课程，以满足快速变化的就业市场的需求。
