Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 20;16(20):3556. doi: 10.3390/nu16203556.
The timing of food intake can affect the physiological and metabolic functions of the body. However, whether and how the timing of dietary antioxidant intake could influence non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is largely unknown. The Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) serves as a comprehensive measure that encompasses various dietary antioxidants. This study aims to investigate the association between the meal timing of CDAI and NAFLD in American adults.
We used data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Dietary intake was assessed through the implementation of two non-concurrent 24-h dietary recalls. Vibration-controlled transient elastography was employed to assess the controlled attenuation as an indicator of NAFLD. CDAI across the day (total, breakfast, lunch, dinner) and Δ CDAI (Δ = dinner-breakfast) were categorized into quartiles. Weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the association between the meal timing of CDAI and NAFLD.
Of the 6570 participants in this study, 1153 had NAFLD. Participants in the highest quartile of total CDAI levels had a lower risk of NAFLD compared with the lowest quartile (OR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.38-0.71). More importantly, participants in the highest quartile of dinner CDAI, but not those in that of breakfast or lunch, had a lower risk of NAFLD (OR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.40-0.73) compared with the lowest quartile. The restricted cubic splines indicated a linear relationship between total CDAI and NAFLD ( = 0.70), as well as between dinner CDAI and NAFLD ( = 0.19). Stratification analyses revealed that the effect of dinner CDAI on NAFLD varied between non-Hispanic Whites and individuals of other races ( = 0.032).
these findings suggest the potential beneficial effects of an antioxidant-rich diet and strategic meal timing on NAFLD.
进食时间会影响身体的生理和代谢功能。然而，饮食抗氧化剂的摄入时间是否以及如何影响非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD) 在很大程度上尚不清楚。综合膳食抗氧化剂指数 (CDAI) 是一种综合衡量各种饮食抗氧化剂的指标。本研究旨在探讨美国成年人中 CDAI 进餐时间与 NAFLD 之间的关联。
我们使用了 2017-2020 年全国健康和营养调查 (NHANES) 的数据。通过实施两次非连续的 24 小时膳食回忆来评估膳食摄入。使用振动控制瞬态弹性成像来评估受控衰减作为 NAFLD 的指标。全天 (总、早餐、午餐、晚餐) 和 CDAI 的Δ (Δ = 晚餐-早餐) 分为四分位。使用加权逻辑回归模型和限制立方样条来评估 CDAI 进餐时间与 NAFLD 之间的关联。
在这项研究的 6570 名参与者中，有 1153 人患有 NAFLD。与最低四分位数相比，总 CDAI 水平最高四分位数的参与者患 NAFLD 的风险较低（OR=0.52；95%CI，0.38-0.71）。更重要的是，与最低四分位数相比，晚餐 CDAI 最高四分位数的参与者患 NAFLD 的风险较低（OR=0.54；95%CI，0.40-0.73），但早餐或午餐 CDAI 最高四分位数的参与者则不然。限制立方样条表明，总 CDAI 与 NAFLD 之间存在线性关系（ = 0.70），晚餐 CDAI 与 NAFLD 之间也存在线性关系（ = 0.19）。分层分析表明，晚餐 CDAI 对 NAFLD 的影响在非西班牙裔白人和其他种族的个体之间存在差异（ = 0.032）。
这些发现表明富含抗氧化剂的饮食和策略性的进餐时间对 NAFLD 可能具有有益的影响。
