Dahiya Aditi, Chaudhari Vishal Sharad, Bose Susmita
W. M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, 99164, USA.
Small. 2024 Dec;20(50):e2405642. doi: 10.1002/smll.202405642. Epub 2024 Oct 27.
Carvacrol is a potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent, while curcumin possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. These phytochemicals have poor solubility, bioavailability, and stability in their free form. Nanoencapsulation can reduce these limitations with enhanced translational capability. Integrating nanocarriers with 3D-printed calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds presents a novel strategy for bone regeneration. Carvacrol and curcumin-loaded nanoparticles (CC-NP) synthesized with melt emulsification produced negatively charged, monodispersed particles with a hydrodynamic diameter of ≈127 nm. Their release from the scaffold shows a biphasic release under physiological and acidic conditions. At pH 5.0, the CC-NP exhibits a 53% release of curcumin and nearly 100% release of carvacrol, compared to 19% and 36% from their respective drug solutions. At pH 7.4, ≈40% of curcumin and 76% of carvacrol releases, highlighting their pH-sensitive release mechanism. In vitro studies demonstrate a 1.4-fold increase in osteoblast cell viability with CC-NP treatment. CC-NP exhibit cytotoxic effects against osteosarcoma cells, reducing cell viability by ≈2.9-fold. The antibacterial efficacy of CC-NP evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) exhibiting 98% antibacterial efficacy. This approach enhances therapeutic outcomes and minimizes the potential side effects associated with conventional treatments, paving the way for innovative applications in regenerative medicine.
香芹酚是一种强效抗菌和抗炎剂，而姜黄素具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗癌特性。这些植物化学物质以游离形式存在时，溶解度、生物利用度和稳定性较差。纳米封装可以通过增强转化能力来减少这些限制。将纳米载体与3D打印磷酸钙（CaP）支架相结合，为骨再生提供了一种新策略。通过熔融乳化合成的载香芹酚和姜黄素的纳米颗粒（CC-NP）产生带负电荷的单分散颗粒，流体动力学直径约为127nm。它们从支架中的释放显示在生理和酸性条件下呈双相释放。在pH 5.0时，CC-NP中姜黄素的释放率为53%，香芹酚的释放率接近100%，而各自药物溶液中的释放率分别为19%和36%。在pH 7.4时，约40%的姜黄素和76%的香芹酚释放，突出了它们的pH敏感释放机制。体外研究表明，CC-NP处理可使成骨细胞活力提高1.4倍。CC-NP对骨肉瘤细胞具有细胞毒性作用，可使细胞活力降低约2.9倍。对金黄色葡萄球菌（SA）和铜绿假单胞菌（PA）评估的CC-NP抗菌效果显示出98%的抗菌效果。这种方法提高了治疗效果，并将与传统治疗相关的潜在副作用降至最低，为再生医学的创新应用铺平了道路。
