Zhang Yihang, He Fupo, Zhang Qiang, Lu Haotian, Yan Shengtao, Shi Xuetao
School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, P. R. China.
Research (Wash D C). 2023 Oct 26;6:0255. doi: 10.34133/research.0255. eCollection 2023.
The limitations of autologous bone grafts necessitate the development of advanced biomimetic biomaterials for efficient cranial defect restoration. The cranial bones are typical flat bones with sandwich structures, consisting of a diploe in the middle region and 2 outer compact tables. In this study, we originally developed 2 types of flat-bone-mimetic β-tricalcium phosphate bioceramic scaffolds (Gyr-Comp and Gyr-Tub) by high-precision vat-photopolymerization-based 3-dimensional printing. Both scaffolds had 2 outer layers and an inner layer with gyroid pores mimicking the diploe structure. The outer layers of Gyr-Comp scaffolds simulated the low porosity of outer tables, while those of Gyr-Tub scaffolds mimicked the tubular pore structure in the tables of flat bones. The Gyr-Comp and Gyr-Tub scaffolds possessed higher compressive strength and noticeably promoted in vitro cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and angiogenic activities compared with conventional scaffolds with cross-hatch structures. After implantation into rabbit cranial defects for 12 weeks, Gyr-Tub achieved the best repairing effects by accelerating the generation of bone tissues and blood vessels. This work provides an advanced strategy to prepare biomimetic biomaterials that fit the structural and functional needs of efficacious bone regeneration.
自体骨移植的局限性使得有必要开发先进的仿生生物材料，以有效地修复颅骨缺损。颅骨是典型的具有三明治结构的扁骨，中间区域为板障，外层为两层致密骨板。在本研究中，我们最初通过基于高精度光固化立体光刻技术的三维打印，开发了两种仿扁骨的β-磷酸三钙生物陶瓷支架（Gyr-Comp和Gyr-Tub）。两种支架均有两层外层和一层具有仿板障结构的类螺旋状孔隙的内层。Gyr-Comp支架的外层模拟了外层致密骨板的低孔隙率，而Gyr-Tub支架的外层模仿了扁骨骨板中的管状孔隙结构。与具有交叉影线结构的传统支架相比，Gyr-Comp和Gyr-Tub支架具有更高的抗压强度，并显著促进了体外细胞增殖、成骨分化和血管生成活性。将其植入兔颅骨缺损12周后，Gyr-Tub通过加速骨组织和血管的生成达到了最佳修复效果。这项工作为制备符合有效骨再生结构和功能需求的仿生生物材料提供了一种先进策略。
