Antimicrobial Activity of (Cavs.) Pers. Ethanolic and Aqueous Leaf Extract on the Growth and Biofilm Formation of Selected Bacterial Isolates.

BACKGROUND

(Aunasin) is an endemic Philippine plant of the family Primulaceae, with several studies showing the genus Ardisia as having potential antibacterial, antiangiogenic, cytotoxic, and antipyretic properties.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm-forming activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts on , Methicillin-Sensitive (MSSA), and Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA).

METHODS

This is an experimental study testing the activity against bacterial strains of , MSSA, and MRSA using ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves. Microtiter susceptibility and biofilm inhibition assays were done with two-fold dilutions of the extract against the selected strains using spectrophotometry with optical density (OD) at 600 nm and 595 nm, respectively, to quantify bacterial growth and biofilm inhibition. The bacterial susceptibility and biofilm inhibition activity was reported as percent inhibition (PI). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) values were obtained using logarithmic regression of the PI values.

RESULTS

ethanolic extracts showed weak growth inhibitory activity against MSSA and MRSA with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 2.6192 and 3.2988 mg/mL, respectively, but no biofilm inhibition activity was noted, while the aqueous extracts exhibited negligible biofilm inhibition activity against MSSA and MRSA with minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) values of 13.5972 and 8964.82 mg/mL, respectively, and with no growth inhibition activity. Both ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed no growth inhibition and biofilm inhibition activities against .

CONCLUSION

is susceptible to the bioactivity of the leaf extracts of and has potential to be used as an antibacterial in the treatment of infectious diseases.