Bai Linyan, Wang Xinjian, Zhang Li, Feng Jianzhong, Liao Jingjuan, Chen Bowei, Wang Penglong, Zhang Xinyi
International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, 100094, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100094, Beijing, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 4;14(1):26613. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77984-5.
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development issued by the United Nations is an important foundation for countries to achieve common economic, social and environmental development. Important progress has been made in the evaluation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Hainan Island; nevertheless, there is still a lack of understanding around the trade-offs and synergies between the SDGs. Studying the trade-offs and synergies between Hainan Island's sustainable development goals is of great significance for the coordinated development of these goals and the promotion of the construction of free trade ports. Therefore, based on the United Nations Sustainable Development Assessment System and the existing SDG indicator system on Hainan Island, this paper identifies and quantifies the trade-offs and synergies within and between SDGs and targets on the county scale. Based on the different impacts of different spatial, dimensional and geographical directions, the results show the following: (1) Hainan Province made good progress on multiple SDGs between 2010 and 2021. (2) The most significant synergies between SDGs exist between SDG1 (No Poverty) and SDG10 (Reduce Inequalities), while the most significant trade-offs exist between SDG2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG4 (Quality Education). (3) Obvious spatial characteristics in trade-offs and synergies exist, with the highest level of synergy being in the Haikou and Sanya Economic Circles and their surrounding areas, and in the central region of Hainan Island which has a higher level of trade-offs. (4) The synergistic effect between the SDG targets and indicators in Hainan is much greater than the trade-off effect: the four aspects of people's livelihood improvement, economic development, resource utilization and environmental quality all show synergistic effects in different regions.
联合国发布的《2030年可持续发展议程》是各国实现经济、社会和环境共同发展的重要基础。海南岛在可持续发展目标（SDGs）评估方面取得了重要进展；然而，对于可持续发展目标之间的权衡与协同效应仍缺乏认识。研究海南岛可持续发展目标之间的权衡与协同效应，对于这些目标的协调发展以及促进自由贸易港建设具有重要意义。因此，本文基于联合国可持续发展评估体系和海南岛现有的可持续发展目标指标体系，在县域尺度上识别并量化了可持续发展目标及其各指标之间的权衡与协同效应。基于不同空间、维度和地理方向的不同影响，结果表明：（1）2010年至2021年期间，海南省在多个可持续发展目标上取得了良好进展。（2）可持续发展目标之间最显著的协同效应存在于目标1（消除贫困）和目标10（减少不平等）之间，而最显著的权衡存在于目标2（零饥饿）和目标4（优质教育）之间。（3）权衡与协同效应存在明显的空间特征，协同效应最高的是海口和三亚经济圈及其周边地区，以及权衡水平较高的海南岛中部地区。（4）海南可持续发展目标各指标之间的协同效应远大于权衡效应：民生改善、经济发展、资源利用和环境质量四个方面在不同区域均呈现协同效应。
