Giulian D, Allen R L, Baker T J, Tomozawa Y
J Cell Biol. 1986 Mar;102(3):803-11. doi: 10.1083/jcb.102.3.803.
Glia-promoting factors (GPFs) are peptides of the central nervous system which accelerate the growth of specific glial populations in vitro. Although these factors were first discovered in the goldfish visual system (Giulian, D., Y. Tomozawa, H. Hindman, and R. Allen, 1985, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 83:4287-4290), we now report similar peptides are found in mammalian brain. The cerebral cortex of rat contains oligodendroglia-stimulating peptides, GPF1 (15 kD) and GPF3 (6 kD), as well as astroglia-stimulating peptides, GPF2 (9 kD) and GPF4 (3 kD). The concentrations of specific GPFs increase in brain during periods of gliogenesis. For example, GPF1 and GPF3 are found in postnatal rat brain during a peak of oligondendroglial growth while GPF2 and GPF4 are first detected at a time of astroglial proliferation in the embryo. Stab wound injury to the cerebral cortices of rats stimulates astroglial proliferation and induces marked elevations in levels of GPF2 and GPF4. Our findings suggest that two distinct classes of GPFs, those acting upon oligodendroglia and those acting upon astroglia, help to regulate cell growth in the developing and injured central nervous system.
胶质细胞促进因子（GPFs）是中枢神经系统中的肽类物质，可在体外加速特定胶质细胞群体的生长。尽管这些因子最初是在金鱼视觉系统中发现的（朱利安，D.，Y. 友泽，H. 欣德曼，和 R. 艾伦，1985 年，《美国国家科学院院刊》，83:4287 - 4290），但我们现在报告在哺乳动物大脑中也发现了类似的肽类物质。大鼠的大脑皮层含有少突胶质细胞刺激肽 GPF1（15 千道尔顿）和 GPF3（6 千道尔顿），以及星形胶质细胞刺激肽 GPF2（9 千道尔顿）和 GPF4（3 千道尔顿）。在胶质细胞生成期间，大脑中特定 GPFs 的浓度会增加。例如，在少突胶质细胞生长高峰期的新生大鼠大脑中可发现 GPF1 和 GPF3，而 GPF2 和 GPF4 则在胚胎星形胶质细胞增殖时首次被检测到。对大鼠大脑皮层的刺伤会刺激星形胶质细胞增殖，并导致 GPF2 和 GPF4 水平显著升高。我们的研究结果表明，两类不同的 GPFs，即作用于少突胶质细胞的和作用于星形胶质细胞的，有助于调节发育中和受伤的中枢神经系统中的细胞生长。
