Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Biofabrication. 2024 Nov 26;17(1). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad91e2.
The recent occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic and frequent wildfires have worsened pulmonary diseases and raised the urgent need for investigating host-pathogen interactions and advancing drug and vaccine therapies. Historically, research and experimental studies have relied on two-dimensional cell culture dishes and/or animal models, which suffer from physiological differences from the human lung. More recently, there has been investigation into the use of lung-on-a-chip models and organoids, while the use of bioprinting technologies has also emerged to fabricate three-dimensional constructs or lung models with enhanced physiological relevance. Concurrently, achievements have also been made to develop biomimetic strategies for simulating thebiomechanical conditions induced by lung breathing, though challenges remain with incorporating these strategies with bioprinted models. Bioprinted models combined with advanced biomimetic strategies would represent a promising approach to advance disease discovery and therapeutic development. As inspired, this article briefly reviews the recent progress of both bioprintedlung models and biomechanical strategies, with a focus on native lung tissue microstructure and biomechanical properties, bioprinted constructs, and biomimetic strategies to mimic the native environment. This article also urges that the integration of bioprinting advances and biomimetic strategies would be essential to achieve synergistic effects forlung modelling. Key issues and challenges are also identified and discussed along with recommendations for future research.
最近发生的新冠疫情和频繁的野火使肺部疾病恶化，迫切需要研究宿主-病原体相互作用，并推进药物和疫苗疗法的发展。从历史上看，研究和实验研究依赖于二维细胞培养皿和/或动物模型，这些模型与人类肺部存在生理差异。最近，人们已经开始研究使用肺芯片模型和类器官，而生物打印技术的使用也已经出现，用于制造具有增强生理相关性的三维结构或肺模型。同时，在开发仿生策略以模拟肺部呼吸引起的生物力学条件方面也取得了进展，尽管在将这些策略与生物打印模型结合方面仍存在挑战。将生物打印模型与先进的仿生策略相结合，将是推进疾病发现和治疗开发的有前途的方法。受此启发，本文简要回顾了生物打印肺模型和生物力学策略的最新进展，重点介绍了天然肺组织的微观结构和生物力学特性、生物打印结构以及模拟天然环境的仿生策略。本文还敦促将生物打印技术的进步和仿生策略相结合，对于肺建模至关重要。本文还确定并讨论了关键问题和挑战，并为未来的研究提出了建议。
