Engqvist A, Broström O, von Feilitzen F, Halldin M, Nyström B, Ost A, Reichard H, Sandqvist S, Törngren S, Wedlund J E
Scand J Gastroenterol. 1979;14(7):839-44. doi: 10.3109/00365527909181413.
In a double-blind trial of tranexamic acid in massive upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage, 76 patients were treated with the active drug and 73 patients with placebo. The doses were 1 g intravenously six times daily for a maximum of 3 days, followed by 1.5 g orally four times daily for a maximum of 4 days. The treatment group and the placebo group were comparable with respect to mean age, diagnoses and laboratory tests but differed slightly with respect to sex and alcohol consumption. The transfusion requirement in the treatment group was less than in the placebo group during the first days after admission, the difference being significant on the second day after admission. Ten patients in the treatment group and 18 patients in the placebo group were operated on. Eleven patients in the treatment group and 12 patients in the placebo group died. In the tranexamic-acid-treated group fewer operations were performed and significantly less blood was needed. It therefore seems highly likely that tranexamic acid has a beneficial effect, although small.
在一项关于氨甲环酸治疗大量上消化道出血的双盲试验中，76例患者接受活性药物治疗，73例患者接受安慰剂治疗。剂量为静脉注射1克，每日6次，最多3天，随后口服1.5克，每日4次，最多4天。治疗组和安慰剂组在平均年龄、诊断和实验室检查方面具有可比性，但在性别和饮酒量方面略有差异。入院后的头几天，治疗组的输血需求量低于安慰剂组，入院后第二天差异显著。治疗组有10例患者接受了手术，安慰剂组有18例患者接受了手术。治疗组有11例患者死亡，安慰剂组有12例患者死亡。在氨甲环酸治疗组中，手术例数较少，所需血量也明显较少。因此，氨甲环酸似乎极有可能具有有益作用，尽管作用较小。
