Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Student Reasearch Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Curr Microbiol. 2024 Nov 26;82(1):12. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-03997-y.
The human gastrointestinal tract contains trillions of microbes that affect the body. Dysbiosis in the composition of gut microbiota is one of the leading causes of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a global public health challenge and millions of people in the world are suffering from this disease. It is a recurring inflammatory disease that affects different parts of the human digestive system. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are the two main types of IBD with similar clinical symptoms. The increasing incidence and severity of IBD require new treatment methods. The composition of the gut microbiota can be modified using dietary supplements such as prebiotics and bacterial supplements called probiotics. Furthermore, the effects of the microbiome can be improved by using paraprobiotics (non-viable, inactivated bacteria or their components) and/or postbiotics (products of bacterial metabolism).
人类胃肠道中存在着数以万亿计的微生物，这些微生物会影响人体。肠道微生物群落组成的失调是慢性炎症性疾病（如炎症性肠病，IBD）的主要原因之一。IBD 是一个全球性的公共卫生挑战，全世界有数百万的人正在遭受这种疾病的折磨。它是一种反复发作的炎症性疾病，会影响人体消化系统的不同部位。溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病是 IBD 的两种主要类型，它们具有相似的临床症状。IBD 的发病率和严重程度不断增加，这就需要新的治疗方法。可以使用膳食补充剂（如益生元和益生菌）来改变肠道微生物群落的组成。此外，还可以使用后生元和前生素（非存活的、失活的细菌或其成分）来改善微生物组的作用。
