Zhao Yunlong, Li Shan, Zhang Rui, Zhang Xin, Shen Qiuyue, Zhang Xingyun, Tian Tian, Hou Xinlin
Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Dec 2;24(1):513. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03675-w.
Studies have shown correlations between gut microbiota and neurocognitive function, but little was known about the early postnatal gut microbiota and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). We aimed to explore the characteristics of gut microbiota in premature infants and their relationship with IVH, further exploring potential therapeutic targets.
Premature infants delivered at Peking University First Hospital from February 2023 to August 2023 were recruited as a cohort. Feces samples were collected on postnatal days 1, 3, and 5. Premature infants were divided into normal, mild IVH, and severe IVH groups based on cranial ultrasound. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technology was used to determine the fecal microbiota, and the results were analyzed.
Thirty-eight premature infants were enrolled. There was a significant difference in alpha and beta diversity among the three groups. The relative abundance of E. coli and A. muciniphila was different among the three groups. Further random forest analysis indicated that S. lutetiensis, L. mirabilis, and N. macacae can effectively distinguish premature infants with IVH. Finally, the phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states2 (PICRUSt2) functional gene analysis predicted significant differences in energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and membrane transport between normal and severe IVH groups.
The gut microbiota in the early postnatal period of premature infants is closely associated with the IVH status. As age increases, the differences in gut microbiota of premature infants with different degrees of IVH continue to increase, and the trend of changes with severity of IVH becomes more and more obvious. E. coli, A. muciniphila, S. lutetiensis, L. mirabilis, N. macacae, G. haemolysans, and S. oralis can effectively distinguish between IVH infants and normal premature infants. The results indicate that gut microbiota is expected to provide effective therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of IVH.
研究表明肠道微生物群与神经认知功能之间存在关联，但关于出生后早期肠道微生物群与脑室内出血（IVH）的了解甚少。我们旨在探讨早产儿肠道微生物群的特征及其与IVH的关系，进一步探索潜在的治疗靶点。
选取2023年2月至2023年8月在北京大学第一医院分娩的早产儿作为队列。在出生后第1、3和5天采集粪便样本。根据头颅超声将早产儿分为正常组、轻度IVH组和重度IVH组。采用16S rRNA扩增子测序技术测定粪便微生物群，并对结果进行分析。
共纳入38例早产儿。三组之间的α和β多样性存在显著差异。三组之间大肠杆菌和嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌的相对丰度不同。进一步的随机森林分析表明，鲁氏不动杆菌、奇异变形杆菌和猕猴诺卡氏菌可以有效区分患有IVH的早产儿。最后，通过未观察状态2（PICRUSt2）功能基因分析进行的群落系统发育研究预测，正常组和重度IVH组在能量代谢、碳水化合物代谢、辅因子和维生素代谢以及膜转运方面存在显著差异。
早产儿出生后早期的肠道微生物群与IVH状态密切相关。随着年龄的增加，不同程度IVH早产儿的肠道微生物群差异持续增大，且随IVH严重程度的变化趋势越来越明显。大肠杆菌、嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌、鲁氏不动杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、猕猴诺卡氏菌、溶血葡萄球菌和口腔链球菌可以有效区分IVH婴儿和正常早产儿。结果表明，肠道微生物群有望为IVH的诊断和治疗提供有效的治疗靶点。
