Garmany Armin, Terzic Andre
Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Marriott Heart Disease Research Program, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024 Dec 2;7(12):e2450241. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.50241.
Health-adjusted life expectancy, a measure of healthy longevity, lags longevity gains, resulting in a healthspan-lifespan gap.
To quantify the healthspan-lifespan gap across the globe, investigate for sex disparities, and analyze morbidity and mortality associations.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cross-sectional study used the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory as the global data source and acquired national-level data covering all continents. The 183 WHO member states were investigated. Statistical analysis was conducted from January to May 2024.
Data represent 2 decades of longitudinal follow-up.
Changes in life expectancy and health-adjusted life expectancy, as well as the healthspan-lifespan gap were quantified for all participating member states. Gap assessment was stratified by sex. Correlations of the gap with morbidity and mortality were examined.
The healthspan-lifespan gap has widened globally over the last 2 decades among 183 WHO member states, extending to 9.6 years. A sex difference was observed with women presenting a mean (SD) healthspan-lifespan gap of 2.4 (0.5) years wider than men (P < .001). Healthspan-lifespan gaps were positively associated with the burden of noncommunicable diseases and total morbidity, and negatively with mortality. The US presented the largest healthspan-lifespan gap, amounting to 12.4 years, underpinned by a rise in noncommunicable diseases.
This study identifies growing healthspan-lifespan gaps around the globe, threatening healthy longevity across worldwide populations. Women globally exhibited a larger healthspan-lifespan gap than men.
健康调整生命 expectancy，一种衡量健康长寿的指标，落后于寿命的增长，导致健康寿命与寿命之间出现差距。
量化全球范围内的健康寿命与寿命差距，调查性别差异，并分析发病率和死亡率之间的关联。
设计、背景和参与者：这项回顾性横断面研究使用世界卫生组织（WHO）全球卫生观测站作为全球数据源，并获取了涵盖各大洲的国家级数据。对183个WHO成员国进行了调查。统计分析于2024年1月至5月进行。
数据代表了20年的纵向随访。
对所有参与成员国的预期寿命和健康调整生命 expectancy 的变化以及健康寿命与寿命差距进行了量化。差距评估按性别分层。检查了差距与发病率和死亡率的相关性。
在过去20年中，183个WHO成员国的全球健康寿命与寿命差距有所扩大，扩大到9.6年。观察到性别差异，女性的平均（标准差）健康寿命与寿命差距比男性宽2.4（0.5）年（P <.001）。健康寿命与寿命差距与非传染性疾病负担和总发病率呈正相关，与死亡率呈负相关。美国的健康寿命与寿命差距最大，达12.4年，这是由非传染性疾病的增加所支撑的。
本研究发现全球健康寿命与寿命差距在不断扩大，威胁着全球人口的健康长寿。全球女性的健康寿命与寿命差距比男性更大。
