Ma Jianzhi, Du Mingyang, Xiong Huiyan, Duan Ruijun
College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Dec 3;13(23):3392. doi: 10.3390/plants13233392.
Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), as a rate-limiting enzyme engaged in lipid synthesis pathways, exerts an important role in plant growth and development as well as environmental adaptation throughout diverse growth stages. Alfalfa ( L.) is one of the most significant leguminous forages globally; however, its growth process is frequently exposed to environmental stress, giving rise to issues such as impeded growth and decreased yield. At present, the comprehension of the genes in alfalfa and their reactions to abiotic stresses is conspicuously deficient. This study identified 15 GPATs from the genome of "Zhongmu No. 1" alfalfa, which were phylogenetically categorized into three major groups (Groups I ~ III). Furthermore, Group III is further subdivided into three distinct subgroups. MsGPATs belonging to the same subfamily exhibited similar protein conserved motifs and gene structural characteristics, in which groups with simple conserved motifs had more complex gene structures. A multitude of regulatory -elements pertinent to hormones and responses to environmental stress were detected in their promoter regions. In addition, a spatial-temporal expression analysis showed that have significant tissue specificity. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis of ABA treatment and the qRT-PCR results under drought, salt, and cold stress demonstrated that the majority of respond to abiotic stress with pronounced timely characteristics. It was also ascertained that these genes might assume a crucial role in salt and drought stress. This research can further constitute a fundamental basis for the exploration of the alfalfa GPAT family, the screening of key GPATs, and the investigation of their functionalities.
甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶（GPAT）作为参与脂质合成途径的限速酶，在植物生长发育以及不同生长阶段的环境适应过程中发挥着重要作用。紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）是全球最重要的豆科牧草之一；然而，其生长过程经常受到环境胁迫，引发生长受阻和产量下降等问题。目前，对紫花苜蓿中该基因及其对非生物胁迫反应的理解明显不足。本研究从“中苜1号”紫花苜蓿基因组中鉴定出15个GPAT基因，它们在系统发育上被分为三大类（第I~III组）。此外，第III组进一步细分为三个不同的亚组。属于同一亚科的MsGPATs表现出相似的蛋白质保守基序和基因结构特征，其中具有简单保守基序的组具有更复杂的基因结构。在它们的启动子区域检测到许多与激素和环境胁迫反应相关的调控元件。此外，时空表达分析表明它们具有显著的组织特异性。此外，ABA处理的转录组分析以及干旱、盐和冷胁迫下的qRT-PCR结果表明，大多数基因对非生物胁迫有明显的及时响应特征。还确定这些基因可能在盐和干旱胁迫中起关键作用。本研究可为紫花苜蓿GPAT家族的探索、关键GPATs的筛选及其功能研究进一步奠定基础。
