Sade R M, Stroud M R, Levine J H, Fleming G A
Ann Surg. 1985 Feb;201(2):225-30. doi: 10.1097/00000658-198502000-00015.
Academic achievement correlates poorly with clinical performance of physicians, so it is probably more important to select college students for medical school admission who will be superior physicians than to select those who will be excellent medical students. Before such selection criteria can be developed, a valid description of a superior physician must be determined. The relative importance of 87 characteristics of a superior physician, based on a previously published list, was determined by asking medical school faculty members to rate them. The resulting description of a superior physician is valid, because it correlated very highly (r = 0.87, p less than 0.001) with the published ratings of the same characteristics from decades earlier in another part of the country, and because it was constant across many subgroups. The faculty was also asked to rate how easily each characteristic could be taught, and those ratings were validated by high correlations across several subgroups. The importance and the teachability ratings were combined into a nonteachable-important index (NTII) that provides a rank order of traits that are important but cannot be taught easily. These are the characteristics that should be used in selecting future physicians.
学术成就与医生的临床能力关联不大，因此，医学院招生时挑选未来会成为优秀医生的大学生可能比挑选会成为优秀医学生的学生更为重要。在制定此类选拔标准之前，必须先确定对优秀医生的有效描述。基于之前公布的一份清单，通过让医学院教员对优秀医生的87个特征的相对重要性进行评分，得出了相关结果。所得出的对优秀医生的描述是有效的，因为它与该国另一地区几十年前公布的相同特征评分高度相关（r = 0.87，p小于0.001），并且在许多亚组中都是一致的。教员们还被要求对每个特征的可教程度进行评分，这些评分通过几个亚组间的高相关性得到了验证。重要性评分和可教程度评分被合并为一个不可教但重要指数（NTII），该指数提供了重要但不易教授的特征的排名顺序。这些就是在选拔未来医生时应采用的特征。
