Mitchell Alicia M, Neil Elizabeth R, Eberman Lindsey E, Armstrong Tara A, Greffly Thomas J P, Winkelmann Zachary K
Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia.
Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.
J Athl Train. 2025 Mar 1;60(3):259-272. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0148.24.
A patient-centered care (PCC) environment allows athletic trainers (ATs) to develop trusting relationships with patients, enabling them to make the most informed care decisions. To provide PCC, the AT should assess health literacy and deliver quality patient education.
To explore the lived experiences of ATs from different job settings to identify how they deliver PCC specific to health literacy and patient education.
Qualitative.
Virtual interviews.
Twenty-seven ATs (age = 34 ± 10 years; women = 15, men = 12) from the physician practice (n = 10), college (n = 9), and secondary school (n = 8) settings.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We interviewed the participants using a semistructured interview protocol. Three researchers coded the transcripts after the consensual qualitative research process for each job setting. Trustworthiness was achieved through multianalyst triangulation, member checking, and internal auditing.
Four domains emerged from all interviews: (1) work environment, (2) essential traits and skills, (3) health literacy assessment strategies, and (4) patient education materials and delivery. In the work environment, ATs described the patient load, interprofessional relationships, and patient characteristics across settings. Essential traits and skills varied widely between settings, and ATs needed different strategies based on differing patient needs. For health literacy assessment strategies, ATs did not formally assess health literacy and relied on perceptions and assumptions. Effective digital information and health informatics strategies were described for patient education materials and delivery.
ATs from physician practice, college, and secondary school settings describe using various strategies to create a patient-centered environment. Participants shared their behaviors in assessing health literacy and delivering patient education from various job settings.
以患者为中心的护理（PCC）环境使运动训练师（AT）能够与患者建立信任关系，从而使他们能够做出最明智的护理决策。为了提供PCC，AT应评估健康素养并提供高质量的患者教育。
探讨来自不同工作环境的AT的生活经历，以确定他们如何提供针对健康素养和患者教育的PCC。
定性研究。
虚拟访谈。
来自医生诊所（n = 10）、大学（n = 9）和中学（n = 8）环境的27名AT（年龄 = 34 ± 10岁；女性 = 15名，男性 = 12名）。
我们使用半结构化访谈协议对参与者进行了访谈。在对每个工作环境进行共识定性研究过程后，三名研究人员对访谈记录进行了编码。通过多分析师三角测量、成员核对和内部审核实现了可信度。
所有访谈中出现了四个领域：（1）工作环境，（2）基本特征和技能，（3）健康素养评估策略，以及（4）患者教育材料和提供方式。在工作环境方面，AT描述了不同环境下的患者负荷、跨专业关系和患者特征。不同环境下的基本特征和技能差异很大，AT需要根据不同的患者需求采用不同的策略。对于健康素养评估策略，AT没有正式评估健康素养，而是依赖于感知和假设。在患者教育材料和提供方式方面，描述了有效的数字信息和健康信息学策略。
来自医生诊所、大学和中学环境的AT描述了使用各种策略来创建以患者为中心的环境。参与者分享了他们在不同工作环境中评估健康素养和提供患者教育的行为。
