Lim Eunji, Kim Bong-Jo, Lee Cheol-Soon, Cha Boseok, Lee So-Jin, Seo Ji-Yeong, Choi Jae-Won, Lee Young-Ji, Kang Nuree, Kim Seung Chan, Lee Dongyun
Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
Psychiatry Investig. 2023 Oct;20(10):897-903. doi: 10.30773/pi.2022.0259. Epub 2023 Oct 24.
The suicide rate in Korea was the highest among countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 2019. In a previous study, higher intake of vegetables and fruits was associated with a lower risk of suicidal ideation, and carotene-rich fruits and vegetables lowered the risk of depression. This study aimed to examine the direct relationship between carotene intake and suicidal ideation, adjusting for the effect on depression.
This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted in 2012, 2013, and 2015. Carotene intake was assessed through a food intake frequency survey with a 24-hour recall. Suicidal ideation and depression were assessed using the mental health section of the KNHANES. We applied logistic regression to assess the relationship between carotene intake and suicidal ideation, adjusting for potential confounders.
A total of 5,480 females aged 19-64 years were included in this study. Carotene intake was significantly lower in the suicidal ideation group (3,034.5±1,756.4 μg/day) than in the nonsuicidal ideation group (3,225.4±1,795.1 μg/day) (p=0.015). We found a significant inverse association between carotene intake and the risk of suicidal ideation after adjusting for potential confounders (odds ratio=0.934, 95% confidence interval=0.873-0.999).
These results suggest that carotene intake may be inversely associated with the risk of suicidal ideation. Our findings may inform the development of new nutritional interventions to prevent increases in the risk of suicide worldwide.
2019年韩国的自杀率在经济合作与发展组织（OECD）成员国中位居榜首。在之前的一项研究中，蔬菜和水果摄入量较高与自杀意念风险较低相关，富含胡萝卜素的水果和蔬菜可降低抑郁风险。本研究旨在探讨胡萝卜素摄入量与自杀意念之间的直接关系，并对其对抑郁的影响进行校正。
本研究使用了2012年、2013年和2015年韩国国家健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES）的数据。通过24小时回顾性食物摄入频率调查评估胡萝卜素摄入量。使用KNHANES的心理健康部分评估自杀意念和抑郁情况。我们应用逻辑回归来评估胡萝卜素摄入量与自杀意念之间的关系，并对潜在混杂因素进行校正。
本研究共纳入5480名19至64岁的女性。自杀意念组的胡萝卜素摄入量（3034.5±1756.4μg/天）显著低于非自杀意念组（3225.4±1795.1μg/天）（p=0.015）。在对潜在混杂因素进行校正后，我们发现胡萝卜素摄入量与自杀意念风险之间存在显著的负相关（优势比=0.934，95%置信区间=0.873-0.999）。
这些结果表明，胡萝卜素摄入量可能与自杀意念风险呈负相关。我们的研究结果可能为开发新的营养干预措施提供参考，以预防全球自杀风险的增加。
