Zemła Marcin, Kurańska Maria, Vevere Laima, Kirpluks Mikelis, Malewska Elżbieta, Apostolou Maria Sofia, Prociak Aleksander
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland.
Polymer Laboratory, Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, Str. Dzerbenes 27, 1006 Riga, Latvia.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 18;17(24):6190. doi: 10.3390/ma17246190.
The aim of this work was to synthesize polyurethane foams based on petrochemical polyols and biopolyols with specific apparent densities (40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 kg/m), test their properties, glycolyze them, and finally analyze each glycolyzed product. The petroleum-based foams, used as reference foams, and the bio-based foams underwent a series of standard tests to define their properties (the content of closed cells 20-95%, compressive strength 73-1323 kPa, thermal conductivity 24-42 mW/m∙K, brittleness 4.6-82.9%, changes in linear dimensions < 1%, and water absorption < 1%). Taking into account the need for recycling, the foams were shredded and then glycolyzed by diethylene glycol, with the addition of a catalyst in the form of potassium hydroxide. The chemolysis products were analyzed through determination, i.e., the amine and the hydroxyl values, viscosity, and molecular weight. The obtained rebiopolyols had hydroxyl numbers ranging from 476 to 511 mg KOH/g. The type of biopolyol used in the PUR foam systems had a significant impact on the amine number and the viscosity of the obtained rebiopolyol.
这项工作的目的是基于石化多元醇和生物多元醇合成具有特定表观密度（40、60、80、100和120 kg/m³）的聚氨酯泡沫，测试其性能，对其进行醇解，最后分析每种醇解产物。用作参考泡沫的石油基泡沫和生物基泡沫进行了一系列标准测试以确定其性能（闭孔含量20 - 95%，抗压强度73 - 1323 kPa，导热系数24 - 42 mW/m∙K，脆性4.6 - 82.9%，线性尺寸变化< 1%，吸水率< 1%）。考虑到回收利用的需求，将泡沫切碎，然后用二甘醇进行醇解，并添加氢氧化钾形式的催化剂。通过测定，即胺值和羟值、粘度和分子量来分析化学分解产物。得到的再生生物多元醇的羟值范围为476至511 mg KOH/g。聚氨酯泡沫体系中使用的生物多元醇类型对所得再生生物多元醇的胺值和粘度有显著影响。
