Messaoudene Fatma, Boukraa Slimane, Chaouki-Boubidi Said, Guerzou Ahlem
Exploration and Valorization of Steppe Ecosystems Laboratory, Faculty of Nature and Life science, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria.
Department of Agricultural and Forestry Zoology, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie, El-Harrach, Algeria.
J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2024 Jun 30;18(2):94-112. doi: 10.18502/jad.v18i2.17532. eCollection 2024 Jun.
The wide distribution of phlebotomine vectors complicates the leishmaniasis situation in the world, with the risk of spreading from rural to urban areas. Our study investigates for the first time the ecology and distribution of sand fly populations in leishmaniasis focus (Djelfa, Algeria).
Sampling is performed using light traps from August 2021 to July 2022 at ten sites with different biotopes: two peri-urban stations (Ain Oussera and Hassi Bahbah), one urban station (Djelfa), and three rural stations (Ain El-Bel, Haniet Ouled Salem and Mlaga).
A total of 2,866 specimens with 12 species belonging to and were identified with the first record of female nationally, revealing a good diversity of up to 1.812 bits. The greatest richness of species was found in rural sites at Ain El Bel station, while the lowest richness was observed in the first peri-urban site of Ain Oussera station. Interestingly, the surveyed species were evenly distributed across all the study sites, in particular with 57.29%. Statistical treatment revealed a strong positive relationship between temperature and species (p< 0.001, r= 0.91). Considering the other factors, there was a moderate link between species richness and altitude (p= 0.01 R= 0.519). However, neither rainfall nor wind speed (p> 0.05) were correlated with sand fly fauna. Moreover, humidity showed a negative correlation (p< 0.001, r= -0.96).
The findings of this study on phlebotomine fauna in this endemic region for leishmaniasis provide valuable data to support the success of a vector control program.
白蛉传播媒介分布广泛，使全球利什曼病疫情复杂化，存在从农村地区传播到城市地区的风险。我们的研究首次调查了利什曼病疫源地（阿尔及利亚杰勒法）白蛉种群的生态和分布情况。
于2021年8月至2022年7月，在十个具有不同生物群落的地点使用诱虫灯进行采样：两个城郊站点（艾因乌塞拉和哈西巴赫）、一个城市站点（杰勒法）以及三个农村站点（艾因贝勒、哈尼耶乌尔德萨利姆和姆拉加）。
共鉴定出2866个标本，分属于12个物种，其中雌性在国内首次记录，显示出高达1.812比特的良好多样性。在农村地区的艾因贝勒站点发现的物种丰富度最高，而在城郊的艾因乌塞拉站点的第一个采样点观察到的丰富度最低。有趣的是，所调查的物种在所有研究地点分布均匀，特别是[具体物种]占57.2%。统计分析表明，温度与物种之间存在强正相关（p<0.001，r=0.91）。考虑其他因素，物种丰富度与海拔之间存在中等程度的关联（p=0.01，R=0.519）。然而，降雨量和风速（p>0.05）均与白蛉动物群无关。此外，湿度呈负相关（p<0.001，r=-0.96）。
本研究关于利什曼病流行地区白蛉动物群的研究结果为支持病媒控制计划的成功实施提供了有价值的数据。
