Tepper Stewart J, Tepper Katharine
The New England Institute for Neurology and Headache, Stamford, CT, US.
Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, US.
Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2025 Jan 24;29(1):33. doi: 10.1007/s11916-025-01358-3.
Nutraceuticals are not regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration, so a careful literature review is essential to make clinical decisions. Riboflavin or vitamin B2 can be recommended for migraine prevention in adults, but pediatric use is not proven. Adverse events are minimal. Coenzyme Q10 has Level C evidence for migraine prevention and low adverse events. Feverfew may be effective for migraine prevention, but the absence of clear safety studies, the differences in doses and characteristics of dried leaf preparations, and the myriad of feverfew cellular effects suggest caution in recommendation for use. Magnesium is recommended for migraine prevention and intravenous acute use, with the potential for generally mild gastrointestinal tolerability adverse events. Melatonin has very low certainty for evidence of efficacy, and is weakly recommended in those with sleep problems. However, purity of US sold melatonin is very poor. Butterbur or petasites preparations have strong evidence for efficacy and concern for hepatotoxicity. Please see the US National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health/NIH online site https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/butterbur for up-to-date recommendations on whether to use this nutraceutical.
营养保健品不受美国食品药品监督管理局监管,因此,进行细致的文献综述对于做出临床决策至关重要。核黄素或维生素B2可用于预防成人偏头痛,但尚未证实其对儿童有效。不良反应极少。辅酶Q10有C级证据支持其预防偏头痛的作用,且不良反应较少。小白菊可能对预防偏头痛有效,但由于缺乏明确的安全性研究、干叶制剂的剂量和特性存在差异,以及小白菊的多种细胞效应,故在推荐使用时应谨慎。镁推荐用于预防偏头痛和静脉急性使用,一般胃肠道耐受性不良反应的可能性较低。褪黑素疗效证据的确定性极低,对于有睡眠问题的患者,仅给予弱推荐。然而,美国销售的褪黑素纯度很差。蜂斗菜或蜂斗菜属制剂有强有力的疗效证据,但存在肝毒性问题。有关是否使用这种营养保健品的最新建议,请访问美国国立补充与综合健康中心/国立卫生研究院的在线网站https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/butterbur 。