Jiang Chuantong, Razak Norsilawati Abdul, Rasyid Nelfianty Mohd
Faculty of Physical Education and Health, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China.
Faculty of Sports Science and Coaching, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jan 10;15:1466985. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1466985. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between need-supportive coaching behavior, subjective task value, goal orientation, and engagement among Chinese high school football players and propose four research hypotheses better to understand the determinants and mechanisms of athlete engagement.
Participants were 385 Chinese high school football players (228 boys; 157 girls; Mage = 16.07 years; SD = 1.15; range = 14-19 years) on 20 teams from 45 high schools using a proportional stratified random sampling method. Participants filled out previously validated questionnaires, including the Interpersonal Behaviors Questionnaire (IBQ), Subjective Task Value (STV), The Task and Ego Orientations Questionnaire (TEOSQ), and Athlete Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ). To address the hypothesis testing, this study utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the proposed multiple mediation model.
The research results indicated that need-supportive coaching behavior had a significant direct ( = 0.121, = 3.667, < 0.001) and indirect ( = 0.209, = 5.500, < 0.001) effect on athlete engagement. Moreover, need-supportive coaching behavior positively predicted athlete engagement through subjective task value ( = 0.128, = 4.000, < 0.001) and task orientation ( = 0.053, = 3.118, < 0.001). Also, subjective task value and task orientation sequentially mediated the relationship between need-supportive coaching behavior and athlete engagement ( = 0.028, = 3.500, < 0.001).
The findings demonstrate that need-supportive coaching behavior, subjective task value, and task orientation are important factors in promoting athlete engagement. The study implies that encouraging and guiding coaches to adopt a need-supportive coaching style is an effective motivational strategy, which can not only directly predict athlete engagement, but also indirectly influence athlete engagement through subjective task value and task orientation.
本研究旨在探讨中国高中足球运动员中需求支持型教练行为、主观任务价值、目标导向与参与度之间的关系，并提出四个研究假设，以便更好地理解运动员参与度的决定因素和机制。
采用比例分层随机抽样方法，从45所高中的20支球队中选取了385名中国高中足球运动员作为研究对象（男生228名；女生157名；年龄中位数=16.07岁；标准差=1.15；年龄范围=14 - 19岁）。参与者填写了先前验证过的问卷，包括人际行为问卷（IBQ）、主观任务价值（STV）、任务与自我导向问卷（TEOSQ）以及运动员参与度问卷（AEQ）。为了进行假设检验，本研究采用结构方程模型（SEM）来分析所提出的多重中介模型。
研究结果表明，需求支持型教练行为对运动员参与度具有显著的直接效应（β = 0.121，t = 3.667，p < 0.001）和间接效应（β = 0.209，t = 5.500，p < 0.001）。此外，需求支持型教练行为通过主观任务价值（β = 0.128，t = 4.000，p < 0.001）和任务导向（β = 0.053，t = 3.118，p < 0.001）正向预测运动员参与度。而且，主观任务价值和任务导向依次中介了需求支持型教练行为与运动员参与度之间的关系（β = 0.028，t = 3.500，p < 0.001）。
研究结果表明，需求支持型教练行为、主观任务价值和任务导向是促进运动员参与度的重要因素。该研究表明，鼓励和引导教练采用需求支持型教练风格是一种有效的激励策略，这不仅可以直接预测运动员的参与度，还可以通过主观任务价值和任务导向间接影响运动员的参与度。
