Ayaz Elif Yıldırım, Dincer Berna, Cinbaz Gülser, Karacan Esra, Benli Reyhan Kaygusuz, Mete Emel, Bilgiç Hilal, Mesci Banu
Internal Medicine Clinic, Sultan 2. Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Üsküdar, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Kartal, İstanbul, Turkey.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2025 Feb;16(1):e13692. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.13692.
In adipose tissue-muscle crosstalk mechanisms, the interaction of adipokines and myokines is known to be critical for maintaining the body's metabolic balance in age-related metabolic disorders. The aim of the study investigate the effects of 12 weeks of aerobic and resistance exercise training on spexin and follistatin and their relationship with each other.
This study was a multicentre, randomized controlled study conducted at two assisted living facilities with participants aged ≥ 65. Among the 66 subjects, 33 were allocated to the exercise group (E) and 33 to the control group (C). The exercise group was administered 50 min of exercise by expert physiotherapists 1 day a week for 12 weeks. Participants in the intervention groups performed exercise assignments two extra days a week, tailored to their specific circumstances and supervised by the institution's physiotherapists. Spexin, follistatin and measurements of metabolic syndrome parameters were performed at the beginning and after 12 weeks.
The mean age of the 62 participants who completed the study (E n = 31, C n = 31) was 73.25 ± 6.44 years, and 62.9% were female. While spexin (E = 1090.94 ± 533.66, C = 1142.91 ± 550.68 pg/mL, p > 0.05) and follistatin (E = 50.52 ± 24.35, C = 50.00 ± 23.52 ng/mL, p > 0.05) values were similar in the two groups at baseline, the values of spexin (E = 1311.32 ± 513.66, C = 1033.27 ± 486.48, p < 0.0001; η = 0.387) and follistatin (E = 64.79 ± 32.35, C = 48.16 ± 26.27, p < 0.0001; η = 0.267) in the exercise group were higher than in the control group at week 12. At the 12th week, neck circumference (38.32 ± 3.41, 37.16 ± 3.15, p = 0.002), waist circumference (102.64 ± 13.38, 98.54 ± 14.47, p < 0.0001), hip circumference (105.70 ± 15.43, 102.93 ± 13.48, p < 0.0001), body fat mass (22.69 ± 7.39, 20.45 ± 6.22, p < 0.0001) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (137.19 ± 13.80, 124.9 ± 15.18, p = 0.0001, 77.38 ± 12.10, 72.61 ± 9.26, p = 0.043) decreased, and body muscle mass (46.32 ± 8.43, 49.03 ± 8.58, p < 0.0001) increased in the exercise group compared to baseline. A correlation was observed between the change in follistatin level and the change in spexin level (r = 0.438, p = 0.001). A negative correlation was found between the amount of decrease in body fat mass and the decrease in spexin level (r = -0.380, p = 0.005). A positive correlation was found between the increase in body muscle mass and the increase in spexin and follistatin (r = 0.431, p = 0.001; r = 0.490, p < 0.0001, respectively).
It was found that spexin, which provides metabolic homeostasis, and follistatin, which expresses the increase in muscle mass, increased with the implementation of a 12-week aerobic and resistance exercise program in elderly individuals, and these increases were found to be associated with each other.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05251597.
在脂肪组织与肌肉的相互作用机制中，脂肪因子和肌动蛋白的相互作用对于维持与年龄相关的代谢紊乱中身体的代谢平衡至关重要。本研究旨在探讨12周有氧和抗阻运动训练对spexin和卵泡抑素的影响及其相互关系。
本研究是一项多中心随机对照研究，在两个老年生活设施中对年龄≥65岁的参与者进行。66名受试者中，33名被分配到运动组（E），33名被分配到对照组（C）。运动组由专业物理治疗师每周1天进行50分钟的运动训练，共12周。干预组的参与者每周额外进行两天的运动训练，根据其具体情况量身定制，并由机构的物理治疗师监督。在研究开始时和12周后进行spexin、卵泡抑素和代谢综合征参数的测量。
完成研究的62名参与者（E组n = 31，C组n = 31）的平均年龄为73.25±6.44岁，女性占62.9%。在基线时，两组的spexin（E = 1090.94±533.66，C = 1142.91±550.68 pg/mL，p>0.05）和卵泡抑素（E = 50.52±24.35，C = 50.00±23.52 ng/mL，p>0.05）值相似，但在第12周时，运动组的spexin（E = 1311.32±513.66，C = 1033.27±486.48，p<0.0001；η = 0.387）和卵泡抑素（E = 64.79±32.35，C = 48.16±26.27，p<0.0001；η = 0.267）值高于对照组。在第12周时，运动组的颈围（38.32±3.41，37.16±3.15，p = 0.002）、腰围（102.64±13.38，98.54±14.47，p<0.0001）、臀围（105.70±15.43，102.93±13.48，p<0.0001）、体脂质量（22.69±7.39，20.45±6.22，p<0.0001）以及收缩压和舒张压（137.19±13.80，124.9±15.18，p = 0.0001，77.38±12.10，72.61±9.26，p = 0.043）均下降，而身体肌肉质量（46.32±8.43，49.03±8.58，p<0.0001）较基线增加。观察到卵泡抑素水平变化与spexin水平变化之间存在相关性（r = 0.438，p = 0.001）。体脂质量减少量与spexin水平降低之间存在负相关（r = -0.380，p = 0.005）。身体肌肉质量增加与spexin和卵泡抑素增加之间存在正相关（分别为r = 0.431，p = 0.001；r = 0.490，p<0.0001）。
发现提供代谢稳态的spexin和表达肌肉质量增加的卵泡抑素在老年人中通过实施12周的有氧和抗阻运动计划而增加，并且这些增加被发现相互关联。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT05251597。
