Sano Yuto, Kawabata Masashi, Sumiya Yuki, Watanabe Yuto, Uchida Yuto, Inada Tomoaki, Murase Masaki, Kenmoku Tomonori, Watanabe Hiroyuki, Takahira Naonobu
Physical Therapy for Sports and Musculoskeletal System, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan.
Department of Rehabilitation, Yokohama Sports Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Int J Sports Med. 2025 Mar 19. doi: 10.1055/a-2537-6350.
Hamstring strain injuries often occur during high-speed movements; yet, no functional test reliably induces rapid hamstring contractions. This study aimed to determine the optimal platform height in the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test to maximize hamstring activation. This cross-sectional study included 26 healthy male recreational athletes. Participants performed the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test using 20, 40, and 60 cm platforms at a maximal speed. The conventional single-leg bridge test was performed using a 60 cm platform at any speed. Measurements included buttock-raising speed; muscle activity of the semitendinosus, biceps femoris, and gluteus maximus using surface electromyography; and heel-bearing force. The maximum-speed single-leg bridge test showed significantly faster buttock-raising speeds (0.7-1.0 m/s) than the single-leg bridge test (0.5 m/s; <0.01). Semitendinosus and biceps femoris muscle activities were significantly higher during the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test using 60 and 40 cm platforms (>90% maximal voluntary isometric contraction) than during the single-leg bridge test and the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test using a 20 cm platform (<0.01). Gluteus maximus muscle activity during the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test was approximately double than that during the single-leg bridge test (<0.01). The heel-bearing force was significantly higher during the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test than during the single-leg bridge test, and the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test using the 40 cm platform showed the highest force (<0.01). The maximum-speed single-leg bridge test using 40 and 60 platforms required higher hamstring activity, with faster buttock-raising speeds and greater heel-bearing force than the single-leg bridge test and the maximum-speed single-leg bridge test using the 20 platform.
腘绳肌拉伤通常发生在高速运动中；然而，尚无功能性测试能可靠地诱发快速的腘绳肌收缩。本研究旨在确定最大速度单腿臀桥测试中的最佳平台高度，以最大限度地激活腘绳肌。这项横断面研究纳入了26名健康的男性业余运动员。参与者以最大速度使用20厘米、40厘米和60厘米的平台进行最大速度单腿臀桥测试。常规单腿臀桥测试使用60厘米平台以任意速度进行。测量指标包括提臀速度；使用表面肌电图测量半腱肌、股二头肌和臀大肌的肌肉活动；以及足跟支撑力。最大速度单腿臀桥测试显示提臀速度（0.7 - 1.0米/秒）明显快于单腿臀桥测试（0.5米/秒；<0.01）。使用60厘米和40厘米平台的最大速度单腿臀桥测试期间，半腱肌和股二头肌的肌肉活动显著高于单腿臀桥测试以及使用20厘米平台的最大速度单腿臀桥测试（<0.01）。最大速度单腿臀桥测试期间臀大肌的肌肉活动约为单腿臀桥测试期间的两倍（<0.01）。最大速度单腿臀桥测试期间的足跟支撑力明显高于单腿臀桥测试，使用40厘米平台的最大速度单腿臀桥测试显示出最高的支撑力（<0.01）。使用40厘米和60厘米平台的最大速度单腿臀桥测试需要更高的腘绳肌活动，提臀速度更快，足跟支撑力比单腿臀桥测试以及使用20厘米平台的最大速度单腿臀桥测试更大。
