Aoki Jinichi, Koshikawa Runa, Asayama Munehiko
College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Inashiki, 300-0393, Ibaraki, Japan.
United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Feb 27;41(3):84. doi: 10.1007/s11274-025-04297-8.
Recent developments in the research on cyanobacterial products have drawn increasing attention, especially in the production and application of phycocyanin, which has shown great potential in various fields. Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes that live on Earth and are the ancestors of plant chloroplasts. They have a compact genome size compared to other eukaryotic photosynthesizing microorganisms; some species are genetically engineered and have high growth potential in indoor culture, and some strainscan maintain high growth potential even in outdoor culture. Cyanobacteria are valuable because they can selectively and effectively produce and recover useful substances that are poorly produced by other microalgae, although this depends on the algal species. However, the social implementation of biorefineries using cyanobacteria involves issues such as setting up useful products in addition to the culture methods and strains to be used. This review aims to present research trends over the last 20 years on the production of useful substances such as biodegradable plastics, lipids, polysaccharides, and pigment proteins (phycocyanins) from cyanobacteria. Phycocyanin is mainly recovered and purified by filamentous cyanobacteria and has contributed to the research field, especially in the food and beverage industry. Additionally, the production and functions of phycocyanin are summarized to provide a better understanding of these possibilities. Their potential applications as environmentally friendly materials are also described to further contribute to the research field and social implementation.
蓝藻产物研究的最新进展已引起越来越多的关注，尤其是在藻蓝蛋白的生产和应用方面，藻蓝蛋白在各个领域都显示出巨大潜力。蓝藻是生活在地球上的光合原核生物，是植物叶绿体的祖先。与其他真核光合微生物相比，它们的基因组规模紧凑；一些物种经过基因工程改造，在室内培养中有很高的生长潜力，一些菌株即使在室外培养中也能保持高生长潜力。蓝藻很有价值，因为它们能够选择性地、有效地生产和回收其他微藻难以生产的有用物质，不过这取决于藻类物种。然而，使用蓝藻的生物精炼厂在社会上的实施涉及一些问题，除了所使用的培养方法和菌株外，还包括确定有用的产品。本综述旨在介绍过去20年中关于从蓝藻生产可生物降解塑料、脂质、多糖和色素蛋白（藻蓝蛋白）等有用物质的研究趋势。藻蓝蛋白主要由丝状蓝藻回收和纯化，并且对研究领域做出了贡献，尤其是在食品和饮料行业。此外，还总结了藻蓝蛋白的生产和功能，以便更好地理解这些可能性。还描述了它们作为环保材料的潜在应用，以进一步推动该研究领域和社会实施。
