Gristina A G, Oga M, Webb L X, Hobgood C D
Science. 1985 May 24;228(4702):990-3. doi: 10.1126/science.4001933.
Direct scanning electron microscopy of material obtained during surgical debridement of osteomyelitic bone showed that the infecting bacteria grew in coherent microcolonies in an adherent biofilm so extensive it often obscured the infected bone surfaces. Transmission electron microscopy showed this biofilm to have a fibrous matrix, to contain some host cells, and to contain many bacteria around which matrix fibers were often concentrated. Many bacterial morphotypes were present in these biofilms, and each bacterium was surrounded by exopolysaccharide polymers, which are known to mediate formation of microcolonies and adhesion of bacteria to surfaces in natural ecosystems and in infections related biomaterials. The adherent mode of growth may reduce the susceptibility of these organisms to host clearance mechanisms and antibiotic therapy and thus may be a fundamental factor in acute and chronic osteomyelitis.
对骨髓炎骨手术清创过程中获取的材料进行直接扫描电子显微镜检查显示，感染细菌在附着的生物膜中以连贯的微菌落形式生长，生物膜范围广泛，常常遮盖了感染的骨表面。透射电子显微镜检查显示，这种生物膜具有纤维状基质，包含一些宿主细胞，并且含有许多细菌，基质纤维常常集中在这些细菌周围。这些生物膜中存在多种细菌形态类型，每个细菌都被胞外多糖聚合物包围，已知胞外多糖聚合物在自然生态系统以及与感染相关的生物材料中介导微菌落的形成和细菌与表面的黏附。这种附着生长模式可能会降低这些微生物对宿主清除机制和抗生素治疗的敏感性，因此可能是急性和慢性骨髓炎的一个基本因素。
