Liu Sibo, Zeng Xiaoling, Li Jing, Li Wei, Gu Yue, Li Bailiang, Wang Jiaqi
Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
Food Funct. 2025 Mar 17;16(6):2213-2229. doi: 10.1039/d5fo00162e.
The health status of the growing infant is closely related to the development of the gut microbiota during infancy, which is also a major stimulator of the immune system. Goat milk oligosaccharides (gMOs) are a class of bioactive compounds in goat milk, which have attracted extensive research interest in recent years. Recent studies have highlighted that gMOs as prebiotics can regulate the gut microbiota, exhibit multiple health effects, and act as immunomodulators. This article outlines the structure, classification, and functions of gMOs. In addition, we also deeply explored the mechanism of gMO interaction with infant gut microbiota and regulation of infant immunity. Finally, the possibility of gMOs as an effective substitute for natural prebiotics in breast milk is revisited. We concluded that gMOs improve infant immune function by regulating intestinal beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, .) and their metabolism. Therefore, gMOs are significant to infant immune health and are expected to become a substitute for human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs).
成长中婴儿的健康状况与婴儿期肠道微生物群的发育密切相关，而肠道微生物群也是免疫系统的主要刺激因素。山羊乳寡糖（gMOs）是山羊奶中的一类生物活性化合物，近年来引起了广泛的研究兴趣。最近的研究强调，gMOs作为益生元可以调节肠道微生物群，展现多种健康效应，并充当免疫调节剂。本文概述了gMOs的结构、分类和功能。此外，我们还深入探讨了gMOs与婴儿肠道微生物群相互作用以及调节婴儿免疫力的机制。最后，重新审视了gMOs作为母乳中天然益生元有效替代品的可能性。我们得出结论，gMOs通过调节肠道有益菌（双歧杆菌、乳酸菌等）及其代谢来改善婴儿免疫功能。因此，gMOs对婴儿免疫健康具有重要意义，有望成为人乳寡糖（HMOs）的替代品。
